We conduct an empirical analysis of the technical efficiency of cars sold in Germany in 2010. The analysis is performed using traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) as well as directional distance functions (DDF). The approach of DDF allows incorporating the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions as an environmental goal in the efficiency analysis. A frontier separation approach is used to ...

The lemons model assumes that owners of used cars have an informational advantage over potential buyers with respect to the quality of their vehicles. Owners of bad cars will try to sell them to unsuspecting buyers while owners of good cars will hold on to theirs. Consequently, the quality of traded automobiles should be sub-average. In contrast to previous work, the following paper tests both ...

Bioconsequences Section, Unilever Research Port Sunlight Laboratory, Port Sunlight, Wirral, Merseyside L62 4XN, U.K. Polyethylene glycols are an important group of polymers used in the manufacture of explosives, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the polyoxyethylene group is the hydrophilic head group of non-ionic surfactants such as the alcohol ethoxylates used in detergent formulatio...

We hypothesized that custom-designed microemulsions would effectively scavenge compounds from bulk media. Pluronic-based oil-in-water microemulsions were synthesized that efficiently reduced the free concentration of the local anesthetic bupivacaine in 0.9% NaCl. Both the molecular nature and concentration of the constituents in the microemulsions significantly affected extraction efficiencies....

This study discusses how outward foreign direct investment (FDI) can complement the inward FDI-based technological capability-building process, through an analysis of the Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation case. When a firm is upgrading its technological capability, outward FDI can allow learners to have access to human-embedded skills and knowledge and other intellectual assets that are ...

We apply various re nements of survival regression to assess the results of some basic speci cations based on product life cycle theory for the case of a data set of the German automobile industry. The methods applied pay attention to biases in the coe cient estimates and the standard errors, the discrete nature of the duration data and the presence of unobserved heterogeneity. Robust estimatio...

The paper develops the argument that the long-term structural evolution of an industry depends on the evolution of a vertically-related, downstream industry. We analyse two pairs of vertically-related industries, the jet and turboprop aircraft and engine industries, since the first introduction of the jet and turboprop technologies to 1998. The paper shows that the evolutionary dynamics of the ...

The paper develops the argument that the long-term structural evolution of an industry depends on the evolution of a vertically-related, downstream industry. We analyse two pairs of vertically-related industries, the jet and turboprop aircraft and engine industries, since the first introduction of the jet and turboprop technologies to 1998. The paper shows that the evolutionary dynamics of the ...

La guerre en Ukraine bouleverse la scène énergétique européenne et sa relation de dépendance à Russie. Cet article analyse les enjeux défis, pour l’Europe, du conflit russo-ukrainien sur le marché gazier. Il met d’abord évidence l’évolution l’ampleur des économies européennes au gaz russe discute impacts éc...

exchange rate has the fundamental role as one of the economy key variables in determining the domestic price. so it is important to know how is the empirical relationship between the exchange rate and domestic prices and the factors influencing this relationship. the main objective of this study is to determine the effect of vehichel imports share on the exchange rate pass – through on domestic...