Tests were conducted to determine the concentrations of copper sulfate needed to kill Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the cause of bacterial coldwater disease, either in vitro or on Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss eggs. For the in vitro test, a plastic strip dipped in a solution of F. psychrophilum was exposed for 15 min to copper sulfate solutions of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 35, 50, 75, or 100 mg/L. B...

The purpose of this paper is to show the interactions of Cd and Zn in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense through metallothionein (MT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level measurements. Laboratory acclimated S.henanense were exposed to Cd (50 µg/L, 100 µg/L, 500 µg/L ), and Zn (100 µg/L, 1000 µg/L) alone and in combined treatments (100 µg/L Zn+50 µg/L Cd, 100 µg/L Zn+100 µg/L Cd, 100 µg/L Zn+5...

The aim of the present study was to develop Exemestane loaded polymeric nanoparticles for improved oral bioavailability of Exemestane. Exemestane loaded nanoparticles were prepared by solvent displacement method with Eudragit RL 100 and Eudragit L 100 as polymers and Pluronic® F-68 as surfactant. The influence of various formulation factors (drug: polymer ratio and concentration of surfactant) ...

The aim of the present study was to develop Exemestane loaded polymeric nanoparticles for improved oral bioavailability of Exemestane. Exemestane loaded nanoparticles were prepared by solvent displacement method with Eudragit RL 100 and Eudragit L 100 as polymers and Pluronic® F-68 as surfactant. The influence of various formulation factors (drug: polymer ratio and concentration of surfactant) ...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) promotes adipogenesis in both birds and mammals, although mechanisms in avians remain unclear. The objective of this study was thus to evaluate effects of NPY on chick preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Preadipocytes were treated with 0, 1, 10, or 100 nmol/L NPY and gene expression and cellular proliferation were evaluated at 12, 24, and 48 h. At 12 h posttreat...

We have reported that both glutamate and nitric oxide (NO) participated in the regulation of gallbladder motility in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). The aim of this study is to investigate the type of receptor in DMV that mediates the excitatory effect of glutamate on gallbladder motility and the correlation between the glutamate and NO. A frog bladder connected with a force transducer...

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a key role in regulating physiological and morphological development of plant species. Application of these PGRs can improve preand post-harvest quality and quantity of ornamental flowers and lessen the harmful effects of injury incurred at harvesting time. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate spraying solution for improving preand pos...