Aim:This study was aimed to explore and describe the Kurdish women's perception of cervical cancer screening. Methods: A qualitative design based on a conventional content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was applied to 19 women chosen, who had a Pap smear or refused to have one. The study was performed in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Semi-structure din-depth individual interviews were carr...

Author details Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Parvin Etesami Street, P.O. Box: 451578-6349, Zanjan, Iran. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 15875-6951, Tehran, Iran. Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Institute for Healt...

Neospora caninum is a worldwide distributed pathogen which causes abortion in cattle leading to economic loss in the cattle industry. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum antibodies in the native cattle slaughtered in various areas of Kurdistan province (western Iran) from September 2010 to September 2011. Serum samples from 368 cattle slaughtered in seven sla...

The left-wing Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) began its violent insurgency campaign against the Turkish state in 1984, claiming that an independent Kurdistan should exist. However, the origins of this conflict can be traced back even further – to the inception of the Turkish Republic in 1923. This thesis begins by investigating the history of how the conflict between the Kurdish and Turkish poli...

This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of different types and concentrations of carbohydrate source on callus fresh weight, number of somatic embryos per embryonic explant and percentage of globular embryos developing into cotyledonary embryos from the leaf explants of three strawberry cultivars (Kurdistan, Paros and Camarosa). MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyace...

Just months after Aff an Hamakhan Jafar graduated from medical college at the University of Mosul, Iraq, in 1985, his career took a sharp turn in an utterly unexpected direction. After fi nishing his internship in Mosul, Jafar had planned to go to Europe for postgraduate work, then perhaps to work as a general practitioner in Kurdistan, the northern Iraqi region where he was born. Instead, in l...

BACKGROUND Relative to the amount of global attention and media coverage since the first and second Gulf Wars, very little has been published in the health services research literature regarding the state of health services in Iraq, and particularly on the semi-autonomous region of Kurdistan. Building on findings from a field visit, this paper describes the state of health services in Kurdistan...

This paper reports two new species of Bdellidae, Cyta leliae sp. nov. and Cyta kurdistanicus sp. nov., collected from soil and litter under oak trees, Quercus brantii Lindl. (Fagaceae), wild almond, Amygdalus lycioides Spach (Rosaceae) and grass, Kurdistan Province, Iran. A key is provided to adult female Cyta of the world.