Bacterial blight (Xanthomonas arboricola pv.juglandis) is one of the main diseases of walnut that reduce the yield in the central, western and northern regions of Iran. This disease was first reported form, Qazvin and Mazandaran, then widely reported from northern, central and western provinces. To identify the cause of the disease in different provinces, infected leaves collected from Alborze,...

The geographical distribution and ecological preferences of Haemaphysalis in domestic animals in Iran were studied 4 times a year from April 2003 to March 2005. A total of 1,622 ixodid tick specimens were collected from 3 different zones. Among them, 108 (6.7%) Haemaphysalis ticks, consisting of 6 species, were identified; H. punctata (3.4%), H. parva (0.5%), H. sulcata (0.6%), H. choldokovskyi...

Elementary School Teachers’ Life Experience with the Challenges of Teaching in Farsi in Bilingual Areas   M. Ghaaderi, Ph.D.* K. Bolandhemmataan, Ph.D.** F. Havaasbeigi*** S. Babakaani****   To identify the challenges facing elementary school teachers in teaching bilingual students in Farsi, a group of 31 such teachers (14 of them men) ages 28-43 and 5-29 years of teachin...

OBJECTIVES Astrodaucus persicus, Apiaceae, is used as vegetable or food additive in some parts of Iran. The essential oils of different parts of Astrodaucus persicus from Kordestan province were analyzed for the first time and compared with other regions. In this study, antioxidant activities and total phenols determination of aerial parts essential oils and root fractions of A. persicus were i...

qahr-abad fluorite deposit is located 58 km southeast of saqqez, in northwestern kordestan province and in northern end of sanandaj-sirjan zone. the factors such as change in physicochemical conditions of mineralization environment (ph and eh), variation in pressure and temperature, alteration, metamorphism, oxidation of organic matters, adsorption, activity and solubility of associated anions,...