Samy I McFarlane1† & Fadi A El-Atat2 †Author for correspondence 1†SUNY-Downstate and Kings County Hospital Centers, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 50, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA Tel: +1 718 270 3711 Fax: +1 718 270 6358 2SUNY-Downstate and Kings County Hospital Centers, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 50 Brooklyn, NY, 1...

Peter Ackroyd has suggested (l 968) that knowing too much background may prevent us from reading some texts as they were meant to be read. Certainly it is hard to read 2 Kings 16 without "static" from what we know from other sources. For example, because we enjoy a reasonably full knowledge of the Syro-Ephraimite War, we may assume connections in this text that are simply not present. Again, we...

A king in a directed graph is a node from which each node in the graph can be reached via paths of length at most two. There is a broad literature on tournaments (completely oriented digraphs), and it has been known for more than half a century that all tournaments have at least one king [Lan53]. Recently, kings have proven useful in theoretical computer science, in particular in the study of t...

I.D.Rankin, I.Underwood, D.G.Vass*, J.Gourlay*, M.R.Worboys** and M.S.Griffith** Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, U.K. * Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, James Clark Maxwell Building, The Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, U.K. ** GEC-Marconi Research Centr...

Each king on an n×n chessboard is said to attack its own square and its neighboring squares, i.e., the nine or fewer squares within one move of the king. A set of kings is said to form an irredundant set if each attacks a square attacked by no other king in the set. We prove that the maximum size of an irredundant set of kings is bounded between (n− 1)=3 and n=3, and that the minimum size of a ...

5 Affiliations: 6 Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, EH9 3JT, United Kingdom 7 Present Address: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, 8 CB2 3EH 9 Present Address: Life Sciences, University of Sussex, United Kingdom 10 Department of Biosciences, Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, University of Helsinki,...

The Kings Bay, Crystal River complex, located in Citrus County, Florida, is one of the world’s largest spring-fed ecosystems and a critical warm-water refuge for endangered Florida manatees. Unfortunately, large areas of Kings Bay are currently in a state of ecological degradation characterized by smothering mats of the filamentous cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei. The causes of this ecosystem shi...