Grammar teaching has been a topic of debate for considerably long time. Researchers and teachers discussed the benefits shortcomings its explicit instruction, which entails students’ awareness metalanguage. Although much research investigated metalanguage, effect on improving grammatical accuracy is still an unresolved issue, concerning it relatively limited. Nevertheless, widely recognised tha...

Language students are most engaged while reading texts at an appropriate difficulty level. However, existing methods of evaluating text difficulty focus mainly on vocabulary and do not prioritize grammatical features, hence they do not work well for language learners with limited knowledge of grammar. In this paper, we introduce grammatical templates, the expert-identified units of grammar that...

It is a difficult problem to recognize baseball live speech because the speech is rather fast, noisy, emotional and disfluent due to rephrasing, repetition, mistake and grammatical deviation caused by spontaneous speaking style. To solve these problems, we have been studied the speech recognition method incorporating the baseball game task-dependent knowledge as well as an announcer’s emotion i...

Grammatical Evolution (GE), which is one of the evolutionary computations, aims to find function, program or program segment satisfying the design objective. This paper describes the improvement of the Grammatical Evolution according to Stochastic Schemata Exploiter (GE-SSE) and its application to symbolic regression problem. Firstly, GE-SSE is compared with original GE in symbolic regression p...

the significant effect of employing readers theater (rt) in reading comprehension, fluency, and motivation of english language students has already been established. however, this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of rt on the oral proficiency of iranian learners of english as a foreign language. from among the learners studying english at a language school in isfahan, iran, a samp...