Mosul and Haditha dams are two large earthfill in Iraq constructed on the Tigris Euphrates rivers, respectively. The were almost at same period mid-eighties of last century. Both suffer from karstification within their foundations. In former, however, problem is more severe than latter. Dam was karstified gypsum limestone beds; different grouting techniques used, but works still going to keep d...

Gypsum dissolution leads to the development of karstic features within much shorter timescales than in other sedimentary rocks, potentially leading rapid deterioration groundwater quality and increasing risk catastrophes caused by subsidence. Here, we present a 2-D reactive transport model evaluate gypsum karstification physically chemically heterogeneous systems. The considers low-permeability...

The observatory of transfers in the vadose zone (OZNS-France) offers a unique support for characterizing Beauce limestone aquifer at various spatial and temporal scales. This consists large well associated with external boreholes dedicated to imaging, monitoring, understanding mass heat through zone. An initial geological characterization core samples gave valuable information on facies encount...