We isolated a single chemical compound from A. continentalis and identified it to be kaurenoic acid (KA) and investigated the influence of anticariogenic properties. Inhibitory effects of KA on cariogenic properties such as growth, acid production, biofilm formation, and the adherence of S. mutans were evaluated. Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of KA ...

Ž . Grazing-exit electron probe microanalysis GE-EPMA was performed for single Al O and atmospheric particles, 2 3 Ž . deposited on a flat Si substrate coated by gold, by using an aperture 1 mm in diameter in front of an energy-dispersive X-ray detector. Silicon Ka X-rays from the Si substrate were strongly observed at an exit angle of ;458. However, they disappeared at grazing-exit angles abou...

This study was aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of topiramate (TPM) on seizure susceptibility and hippocampal peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) in the kainic acid (KA) model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Male rats were randomized into saline control group, KA group, KA/TPM low dose group and KA/TPM high dose group. Three weeks after single injection of KA (10 mg kg(-1), s...

and Applied Analysis 3 It is obvious that ka ∈ A2 D and 〈ka, ka〉 ∫

2 for Arsenic 3 Ka-Ming Wai,†,# Shiliang Wu,*,†,‡ Xueling Li,‡ Daniel A. Jaffe, and Kevin D. Perry 4 †Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 5 Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, 49931 United States 6 Physical Sciences Division, School of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University...

Microglial cells were isolated from rat cerebral cortex, and kainate (KA)-induced inward current was measured at a holding potential of -40 or -60 mV. 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione-sensitive KA-induced currents increased with increasing KA concentration. The half-activation concentration and Hill coefficient were 3.3 x 10(-4) M and 1.4, respectively. Although glutamate (Glu) and AMPA-in...

BACKGROUND Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a self-limiting epidermal tumor for which histopathological examination sometimes suggests malignancy. Based on inconsistent clinical views, KA can be regarded as both a benign tumor and a variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Aberrant DNA methylation frequently occurs in malignant tumors but it scarcely occurs in benign tumors. Whether aberrant methylatio...

The Tian Shan range lies in the actively deforming part of the India-Asia collision zone. The uplift rate and deformation pattern of the Tian Shan are important for understanding the dynamics of crustal deformation in the region. The river terraces in northern Tian Shan provide key records of past changes in climate and/or regional tectonics. In this study, a terrace sequence along the Manas Ri...