We study numerically the directed motion of vortices (antivortices) under an applied ac bias in two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays (JJA) with an asymmetrically modulated periodic vortex pinning potential. We find that the ratchet effect in large 2D JJA can be obtained using the RSJ model for the overdamped vortex dynamics. The rectification effect shows a strong dependence on vortex dens...

One factor contributing to rainfall in a certain region is the presence of convective cloud growth. Extensive clouds can trigger extreme weather conditions and occurrence Mesoscale Convective Complex (MCC) phenomena. MCCs phenomena are characterized by circular cover with eccentricity ≥ 0.7, core area 50,000 km², 100,000 top temperature ≤ -52 °C or 221 K. This study aims identify spatial diurna...

The NASA/JAXA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) has been in operation for over 17 years since 1997. The length of TRMM is far shorter than those from ground observations, raising a question as to whether TRMM derived climatology products are good enough for research and applications. In this study, three climatologies derived from a blended product (the TRMM Multi-Satellite Precipitati...

Using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, several previous studies have indicated that vegetation growth significantly increased in most areas of China during the period 1982–99. In this letter, we extended the study period to 2010. We found that at the national scale the growing season (April–October) NDVI significantly increased by 0.0007 yr−1 from 1982 to 20...

We present a review of our previous numerical studies on non equilibrium vortex dynamics in Josephson Junction arrays (JJA) driven by a dc current. Dynamical phase diagrams for different magnetic fields, current directions and varying temperature are discussed and compared. First, the effect of thermal fluctuations in a current driven diluted vortex lattice (VL) is analyzed. The case of f = 1/2...

The frequency and spatial distributions of precipitation extremes (PEs) deep convective clouds (DCC) across the Amazon region were assessed using satellite-derived data. For PEs, CHIRPS dataset for period 1981–2018 used to calculate a set absolute, threshold, duration, percentile-based threshold indices defined by Expert Team on Climate Change Detection Indices. DCC occurrence was based Advance...

– We study the resistive transition in Josephson-junction arrays at f = 1/2 flux quantum per plaquette by dynamical simulations of the resistively-shunted-junction model. The current-voltage scaling and critical dynamics of the phases are found to be well described by the same critical temperature and static exponents as for the chiral (vortex-lattice) transition. Although this behavior is cons...

Variability in rainfall and temperature results different impacts on agricultural practices. Assessesment of variability trend for the district Musanze Rwanda was conducted using six meteorological stations a period 37 years, ranging from 1981 to 2018, data were obtained Meteorology Agency. is located highland areas Rwanda, understanding paramount increase uptake climate information support str...

Background The identification of developmental curve patterns generated by a simulation-based educational method and the variables that can accelerate the learning process will result in cost-effective training. This study describes the learning curves of a simulation-based instructional design (ID) that uses ex vivo animal models to teach laparoscopic latero-lateral small bowel anastomosis. ...

In the present study, we investigated global climatology of spatiotemporal and vertical distributions aerosol optical properties for different types, mainly including total aerosols (All), desert dust (DD), polluted (PD), elevated smoke (ES). The data used study is derived from Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) Research Application. We found that seasonal ...