OBJECTIVE To compare the slip reduction rate and clinical outcomes between unilateral conventional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (conventional TLIF) and unilateral minimal invasive TLIF (minimal TLIF) with pedicle screw fixation for treatment of one level low-grade symptomatic isthmic spondylolisthesis. METHODS Between February 2008 and April 2012, 25 patients with low-grade isthmic ...

Cervico-isthmic pregnancy is a rare and potentially life-threatening form of ectopic gestation in which the blastocyst implants in the uterine cervico-isthmus between the histological and anatomical internal os, followed by subsequent extension to the lower uterine segment. Early diagnosis may allow a conservative therapeutic approach that avoids catastrophic hemorrhage requiring hysterectomy. ...

STUDY DESIGN Six different techniques for atlantoaxial fixation were biomechanically compared in vitro by nondestructive testing. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the immediate three-dimensional stability of a new atlas claw combined with transarticular screws and alternative techniques for transarticular screw fixation in comparison with established techniques. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Posterior tr...

STUDY DESIGN Prospective evaluation of 24 consecutive patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis with chronic back, buttock, and leg pain treated by endoscopic foraminal decompression and followed for a minimum of 2 years. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of endoscopic foraminal decompression and mobilization of the exiting and transiting nerves, discectomy, ablation of osteophytes, and impingi...

BACKGROUND Sperm from several species, including the human, make direct contact with the endosalpinx. Although this is known to be beneficial to sperm function, the specific mechanisms mediating the adhesion are poorly understood. METHODS Short linear oligopeptides containing the amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) or a scrambled sequence (GRGES) were incorporated into an established sperm-...

Analysis of mouse embryos homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of Gbx2 demonstrates that this homeobox gene is required for normal development of the mid/hindbrain region. Gbx2 function appears to be necessary at the neural plate stage for the correct specification and normal proliferation or survival of anterior hindbrain precursors. It is also required to maintain normal patterns of expre...

introduction: in this study we examined the effect of ampullary and isthmic epithelial cell of golden hamster oviduct on n-mary mouse embryo development during 4-days in vitro co - culture, and the effect of injected gonadotropins on the quality of co-culture. materials and methods: golden hamster oviducts were isolated 18-24h after treating the hamster with hcg. they were flushed with dmem / h...

To evaluate the predictive accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic arch ebstruction, 540 consecutive patients aged 2 days to 15 years (mean 2 months) who underwent subsequent cardiac catheterization and angiography were prospectively studied. At angiography, 51 patients had aortic arch obstruction; of these, 35 had juxtaductal coarctation, 15 isthmic hypoplasia a...

How the receptive field (RF) of visual cells is formed and how to explain the orientation selectivity have been intensely studied and debated. Here we provided direct electrophysiological evidence by single-unit recording and electrophysiological mapping that the elongated excitatory RF of a visual cell in the pigeon nucleus isthmi is constructed from aligned circular excitatory RFs of tectal c...

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) located in the isthmus generally has been known to have more extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node involvement, and multifocality. The purpose of this study was determine clinical significance an isthmic location PTC.