The research literature on leisure indicates that it is perceived differently by sector and culture. In Israel, one’s affiliation with religious or non-religious groups affects perception of its legitimacy. common activities secular people include studies in general, Torah study particular, as carried out choice for pleasure. this considered wide meaning, including all traditional Jewish texts....

Ever since President Bush introduced his ‘Road Map’ for a permanent solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in April 2003, a great deal of public attention has focused on its demand for a reformed Palestinian Authority (PA) to confront aggressively radical Palestinian groups such as Hamas and Islamic Jihad who violently oppose a two-state solution to the conflict. One of the major obstacle...

France was the first to put forward idea of establishing a Jewish state in Palestine, so FrenchIsraeli relations had great impact on Middle East, especially Egypt and Turkey, since establishment Israel 1948 until 1962 . strong relations. supported Balfour Declaration or 1917 AD, it also decision partition Palestine at United Nations 1947 economic between them grew strongly, several trade agreem...

OBJECTIVE Since September 2000 Israeli society has been subjected to numerous deadly terror attacks. Few studies have studied the comparative mental health vulnerability of minorities and majorities to continuous terror attacks. METHOD Two telephone surveys (N = 512 and 501) on two distinct representative samples of the Israeli population after 19 months and after 44 months of terror. The Ara...

This article strives to use the institutional and discursive strategies employed by the Islamic Movement in Israel in the soccer sphere to illustrate wider theoretical arguments about setting boundaries of inclusion and exclusion in the public sphere. The Islamic Movement uses an isolationist strategy, by creating the independent Islamic Soccer League. In contrast, social agents who strive to p...

Israel stands at a crossroads, culturally, socially and environmentally. It is choosing to pursue the same car-based land use and transportation model which has failed to deliver social cohesion in Europe and the U.S.A. This paper identifies the present-day trends that are reshaping Israel’s physical space at the turn of the millennium. It then explores the impact of these transport trends on I...

In the modern world, government policy makers engage in the decision making process to pursue the interests of their countries. Think tanks play a significant role in this complicated process by giving advice to decision makers. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, think tanks increasingly emerged in the world, especially in Western European countries and the United States of America (...

Israel acute paralysis virus (IAPV) is associated with colony collapse disorder of honey bees. Nonetheless, its role in the pathogenesis of the disorder and its geographic distribution are unclear. Here, we report phylogenetic analysis of IAPV obtained from bees in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Israel and the establishment of diagnostic real-time PCR assays for IAPV detection. Our d...

The Israel Heart Society (IHS, www.israel-heart.org.il) is a formal society of the Israel Medical Association (IMA), and acts as a formal representative of the cardiology community in Israel. The aims of our society are to augment the professional and scientific knowledge of therapy and prevention of heart diseases in Israel. The IHS is a formal member of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC...