A complete thermodynamic treatment of the Casimir effect is presented. Explicit expressions for the free and the internal energy, the entropy and the pressure are discussed. As an example we consider the Casimir effect with different temperatures between the plates (T) resp. outside of them (T ′). For T ′ < T the pressure of heat radiation can eventually compensate the Casimir force and the tot...

Heat treatment may result in variation of wood equilibrium moisture content (EMC). During this study, tauari (Couratari oblongifolia), ash (Fraxinus excelsior), and oak (Quercus rubra) woods were heat-treated at 190, 200, and 210oC for 3 hours and then put into a conditioning chamber with a temperature from 30 to 75oC and a relative humidity from 50 to 90%. The isothermal moisture adsorption cu...

In this study, results of the crystallization of iron-rich glasses are summarized. Thermogravimetry (TG)±di€erential thermal analysis (DTA) were utilized to explain the phase formations and the surface oxidation of FeO to yield Fe 2 O 3. The crystal phases fraction was evaluated utilizing X-ray di€raction analysis (XRD). Low angle XRD technique was used to investigate the distribution of the cr...

An ecological optimization along with a detailed parametric study of an irreversible regenerative Brayton heat engine with isothermal heat addition have been carried out with external as well as internal irreversibilities. The ecological function is defined as the power output minus the power loss (irreversibility) which is ambient temperature times the entropy generation rate. The external irr...

Heat and mass transfers are coupled processes, also in nucleation. In principle, a nucleating cluster would have a different temperature compared to the surrounding supersaturated old phase because of the heat release involved with attaching molecules to the cluster. In turn a difference in temperature across the cluster surface is a driving force for the mass transfer to and from the cluster. ...

Abstract. Ultrafine-grained S322750 superduplex stainless steel has been obtained through high-pressure torsion (HPT) process. Microstructural evolution after the severe plastic deformation (SPD) shown no phase transformation. Isothermal heat treatment was applied process in order to promote secondary precipitation. Precipitation enhanced ultrafine-grained comparison coarse-grained at same isot...

This paper examines the natural convection in a square enclosure that is filled with a nanofluid. This nanofluid with Ethylene Glycol based containing Copper nanoparticle is influenced by a uniform horizontal magnetic field and uniform heat generation or heat absorption. The enclosure is bounded by two isothermal vertical walls at different temperatures and by two horizontal adiabatic walls. Th...

We propose a mixed formulation for non-isothermal Oldroyd–Stokes problem where the both extra stress and the heat flux’s vector are considered. Based on such a formulation, a dual mixed finite element is constructed and analyzed. This finite element method enables us to obtain precise approximations of the dual variable which are, for the non-isothermal fluid flow problems, the viscous and poly...