Outbreaks of acute oak decline (AOD) have been documented in England from 2006. Both species of native oaks (Quercus robur and Quercus petraea) are affected. To complement isolation efforts for identification of putative causative biotic agents and increase our understanding of bacteria associated with oak tissue, five sites in England were chosen for this study. Samples of outer bark, inner ba...

The site index (SI) is the most commonly used and representative measure of phytocentric approach; it evaluates productivity based on stand height age. In case mixed stands with complex structures, methods are very limited, while in non-forest areas, they not ap­plicable. situations where applicability de­termined by geocentric methods. Geocentric allow direct modelling productivity, expressed ...

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association November 2014 | Vol 114 | No. 11 840 From the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education in Tennessee (Drs Iddins, Christensen, and Goans); the Division of Emergency Medicine at Einstein Medical Center in Elkins Park and Philadelphia University in Pennsylvania (Dr Parrillo); Nat...

To evaluate plant and herbivore responses to nitrogen we conducted a fertilization study at a low and high pollution site in the mixed conifer forests surrounding Los Angeles, California. Contrary to expectations, discriminant function analysis of oak herbivore communities showed significant response to N fertilization when atmospheric deposition was high, but not when atmospheric deposition wa...

Investigation and Comparison of Slenderness Coefficient Old Persian Oak Wild Pistachio Trees in Different Site Conditions the Middle Zagros

—Unsuccessful oak (Quercus spp.) regeneration could result in losses of the rarer portions of the midwestern North American oak savanna region, including the tall grass oak savannas. We undertook this study to understand the effects of restoration on promoting growth of naturally occurring Q. alba seedlings in a degraded tall grass oak savanna in Iowa, USA. Initial restoration efforts, which in...

Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (sessile oak) are two European oak species of great economic and ecological importance. Even though both oaks have wide ecological amplitudes of suitable growing conditions, forests dominated by oaks often fail to regenerate naturally. The regeneration performance of both oak species is assumed to be subject to a variety of v...

Models are presented for predicting: (1) height growth of red oak advance reproduction after dearcutting, and (2) the probability of stems becoming dominants or codominants in new stands as a function of preharvest size of advance reproduction and site quality. The second model permits silviculturists o predict, prior to harvest, the contribution to a new stand of an existing population of adva...

Oak Regeneration Dynamics Successful regeneration of oak on intermediate and high-quality sites (upland oak site index > 65 to 70 feet) is limited due to the lack of the vigorous advance regeneration and/or saplings/pole-sized trees that are capable of sprouting. Vigorous advance regeneration and/or stump sprouters are required at the time of regeneration on intermediate and highquality sites, ...

A shelterwood method is described that provides stand conditions that enhance the growth of estabhshed red oak advance reproduction, thereby improving the chances of maintaining an oak component in the next stand. Stocking of a mature, fully stocked stand is reduced to 60%, 65%, and 70% of initial stand basal area where oak site index is 70, 80, and 90 ft, respectively. The basal area reduction...