BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a major key for effective TB program. Evaluation of delay in diagnosis of smear positive TB is needed to evaluation of TB program situation in each country. The aim of this study was to evaluate of diagnosis delay in smear positive tuberculosis patients in Islamic Republic of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross sectional study, all smea...

BACKGROUND Nutritional deficiency, bleeding, and inflammation are three main causes of anemia. On the other hand, erythropoietin (EPO) production, iron availability, and a healthy bone marrow are essential for erythropoiesis. Recently, recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has been used to treat the patients already taking iron supplements. In Iranian traditional medicine literature, much ha...

Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that genetic and non-genetic factors affected on its dose requirement in the patients with cardio vascular disease. The aim of this study was whether the APOE and VKORC1 polymorphisms influence on warfarin dose requirements in the part of Iranian patients. Blood samples were collected from 86 warfarin-treated patients. After extraction of genomic DNA, the VKOR...

Despite concerns of a diabetes epidemic in the Middle East, internationally published data on national estimates of prevalent type 2 diabetes in Iran do not exist. In this article we document a dramatically high prevalence of diabetes in Iran based on the results of the first Survey of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SURFNCD) of Iran, 2005. In this national cross-sectional survey rec...

BACKGROUND Reduced level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is shown to be in association with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), metabolic syndrome, and chronic renal disease. Lack of a national representative research for assessing the level of HDL-C among Iranian adults, which is essential for health policy makers, was the motivation for this study. METHODS HDL-C level...

CONTEXT Pre-hospital care plays a vital role in saving trauma patients. OBJECTIVES This study aims to review studies conducted on the pre-hospital emergency status in Iran. DATA SOURCES Data were sourced from Iranian electronic databases, including SID, IranMedex, IranDoc, Magiran, and non-Iranian electronic databases, such as Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar. I...

BACKGROUND Population based studies on prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in Iranian population are few. The prevalence of NAFLD and non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in Iranians varies from 2.9% to 7.1% in general population and 55.8% in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence and determinants of non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a sampl...

It has been proposed that genetic factors account for 30%–50% of the risk for cocaine and heroin addiction. The present study was aimed to find out the impact of μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) rs1799971 A > G and rs9479757 polymorphisms on heroin dependence in a sample of southeast Iranian population. This case-control study was done on 123 heroin addicts and 140 non-addicts Iranian male. Genom...