The ?-axons supplying muscle spindle (MS) induce a particular pattern of activity in spindle Ia and II afferents on contraction. From a dynamic viewpoint, the Ia shows increasing spike rates, but II-afferents do not show any activity. For evaluation of nerve fiber activity, spike amplitude (SA) is suggested to measure it as well as its benefit of diagnosing clinical symptoms. This paper aims to...

BACKGROUND The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument to measure psychological morbidity in cancer patients. This study aimed to translate and test the reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the HADS. METHODS The English language version of the HADS was translated into Persian (Iranian language) and was used in this study. The questionnaire was ad...

In this paper, borrowing the intuition in Rao et al. (2004), we introduce a cumulative version of the inaccuracy measure (CIM). Also we obtain interesting and applicable properties of CIM for different cases based on the residual, past and interval lifetime random variables. Relying on various applications of stochastic classes in reliability and information theory fields, we stu...

BACKGROUND Limited studies have examined the relationship between quality of life and lifestyle behaviors. The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of quality of life among young Iranian women and its association with lifestyle behaviors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 391 young women selected through a cluster convenience sampling strategy in Shiraz, Ir...

In this paper, we give the axiomatic characterization of risk measures and discuss the treads of developments in this area. The main recently proposed risk measures are presented, and their properties and relations are discussed. The corresponding versions of dynamic risk measure are also briefly introduced.