Developing countries, and particularly, those with a growing technological capacity, expect foreign technology transfers to increase when strengthening their intellectual property protection (IPR) rights. This paper evaluates empirically the impact of IPR on disembodied knowledge trade. It presents an exploration on Bilateral French Technology Receipts at the industry level for the period 1994-...

The syntheses of the phosphonyl-substituted ferrocenyl stannane Fe[{η (5)-C5H3-1-SnPh3-2-P(O)(O-iPr)2}{η (5)-C5H4P(O)(O-iPr)2}] (1) and its iodine derivative Fe[{η (5)-C5H3-1-SnPh2I-2-P(O)(O-iPr)2}{η (5)-C5H4P(O)(O-iPr)2}] (2) are reported. The syntheses of the corresponding salts Fe[{η (5)-C5H3-1-SnPh2-2-P(O)(O-iPr)2}{η (5)-C5H4P(O)(O-iPr)2}]X (3, X=Al{OC(CF3)3}4, 4, X=ClO4, 5, X=HgI3), respec...

Besides the conventional D5h(8149)-C70 fullerene, there are a large number of C70 isomers that violate the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). However, these non-IPR C70 fullerenes have been less investigated owing to their low stabilities or high reactivities. In this study, we report for the first time the X-ray structure of an unconventional endohedral C70 fullerene, Sc2O@C2(7892)-C70. The combine...

a r t i c l e i n f o Available online xxxx JEL classifications: O33 O34 O41 Keywords: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Economic growth North–south model In this paper, we develop a general equilibrium endogenous growth model that emphasizes the IPR enforcement effects on growth, in a scenario of north–south technological knowledge diffusion. The economy consists of three sectors, and firms a...

Developing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) chemistry of simple organomagnesium compounds, this study reports the synthesis, X-ray crystallographic, and NMR spectroscopic characterization of three such new carbene complexes. The 1 : 1 alkyl magnesium amide : carbene complexes nBuMg(TMP)·IPr 1 and nBuMg(HMDS)·IPr 2 both exist as mononuclear complexes in the crystal but differ in solution as 2 remain...

Five-coordinate rhenium(I) hydride complexes of the type [Re(Br)(H)(NO)(PR3)2] (R = Cy 1a, iPr 1b) were reacted with terminal alkynes R1C�CH (R1 = Ph, SiEt3, H), yielding 18-electron �2alkyne adducts [Re(Br)(H)(NO)(PR3)2(�2-HC�CR1)] (R1 = Ph (R = Cy 2a, iPr 2b), SiEt3 (R = Cy 4a, iPr 4b), H (R = Cy 6a, iPr 6b)). Alkyne insertion into the Re−H bond led to the formation of rhenium(I) �1-vinyl der...

AIM OF THE STUDY Intrathoracic pressure regulation (IPR) is a novel, noninvasive therapy intended to increase cardiac output and blood pressure in hypotensive states by generating a negative end expiratory pressure of -12 cm H2O between positive pressure ventilations. In this first feasibility case-series, we tested the hypothesis that IPR improves End tidal (ET) CO2 during cardiopulmonary resu...

BACKGROUND Intrathoracic pressure regulation (IPR) therapy has been shown to increase blood pressure in hypotensive patients. The potential value of this therapy in patients with hypotension secondary to trauma with bleeding is not well understood. We hypothesized that IPR would non-invasively and safely enhance blood pressure in spontaneously breathing patients with trauma-induced hypotension....

The 15e square-planar complexes [Co(PCPMe-iPr)Cl] (2a) and [Co(PCP-tBu)Cl] (2b), respectively, react readily with NaBH4 to afford complexes [Co(PCPMe-iPr)(η2-BH4)] (4a) and [Co(PCP-tBu)(η2-BH4)] (4b) in high yields, as confirmed by IR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and elemental analysis. The borohydride ligand is symmetrically bound to the cobalt center in η2-fashion. These compounds are...