The biological effects of low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation on normal tissues has attracted attention. Based on previous research, we observed the morphology of liver tissues of C57BL/6J mice that received <50, 50-500, and 500-1000 μGy/h of 137Cs radiation for 180 d. We found that the pathological changes in liver tissues were more obvious as the irradiation dose rates increased. Add...

Normal skin is composed of epidermis and dermis. Skin is susceptible to radiation damage because it is a continuously renewing organ containing rapidly proliferating mature cells. Radiation burn is a damage to the skin or other biological tissues caused by exposure to radiofrequency energy or ionizing radiation. Acute skin reaction is the most frequently occurring side effect of radiation thera...

Present report demonstrates that repeated radiation of Schistosoma mansoni-infected Biomphalaria glabrata, totaling 15,000 rads, caused a sudden, albeit transient, suppression of cercarial shedding. Initially, sporocysts practically disappeared from the snail tissues. The more resistant developing cercariae presented nuclear clumping and vacuolation, before undergoing lysis. No host tissue reac...

background: h2ax is a histone variant that is systematically found and ubiquitously distributed throughout the genome. dna double-strand breaks (dsbs) induce phosphorylation of h2ax at serine 139 (γh2ax), an immunocytochemical assay with antibodies recognizing γh2ax has become the gold standard for the detection of dsbs. the importance of this assay to investigate different individual responses...

This final article in the series on the medical management of ionizing radiation injuries and illnesses focuses on the effects of acute ionizing radiation exposure to one of the largest organ systems of the body-the skin. These injuries may extend beyond the skin into deeper tissues and cause local radiation injury. There are numerous causes of these injuries, ranging from industrial incidents ...

Salen Mn complexes, including EUK-134, EUK-189 and a newer cyclized analog EUK-207, are synthetic SOD/catalase mimetics that have beneficial effects in many models of oxidative stress. As oxidative stress is implicated in some forms of delayed radiation injury, we are investigating whether these compounds can mitigate injury to normal tissues caused by ionizing radiation. This review describes ...

Radiation-induced lung injury is one of the most prominent factors that interfere with chest cancer radiotherapy, and poses a great threat to patients exposed to total body irradiation. Upregulation of pro-oxidant enzymes is one of the main mechanisms through which the late effects of ionizing radiation on lung injury can be exerted. Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are two important cytokines that...

Multiple imaging techniques are used for the diagnosis of lung diseases. The choice a technique depends on suspected diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) thorax and positron emission (PET) detection, characterization, staging follow-up cancer, these use ionizing radiation radiologist-dependent. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) performed through bronchoscopic process could serve as minimal...

Radio-protectors are agents that protect human cells and tissues from undesirable effects of ionizing radiation by mainly scavenging radiation-induced free radicals. Although chemical radio-protectors diminish these deleterious side effects they induce a number of unwanted effects on humans such as blood pressure modifications, vomiting, nausea, and both local and generalized cutaneous reaction...

Introduction: Exposure to ionizing radiation can trigger adverse biological effects on healthy tissues, such as causing hematological toxicity and potential injury to different organs. Ionizing radiation has sufficient energy to liberate electrons from atoms leaving them with unpaired electrons; hence ionizing them and producing free radicals. In the current study, the...