Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wird ein Elektroneneinfangdetektor basierend auf weicher Röntgenionisation mit vergleichbarer Performance bezüglich radioaktiver Elektroneneinfangdetektoren geringsten Nachweisgrenzen im pptv-Bereich und einer Linearität über drei Größenordnungen vorgestellt. werden freie Elektronen erzeugt deren Menge die Entladung an Faraday-Detektorplatte ermittelt. Eintreten...

The effect on the operation of a vacuum diode of a spatially varying distribution of free electrons, commonly called space charge, was first considered by Child [1] and Langmuir [2]. In that example electrons are released from a hot cathode at low velocity, and then drift freely under the influence of the local electric field as modified by the drifting electrons. In this problem, deduce the st...

an on-line automated method for photodegradation studies of isoproturon, diuron, atrazine, fenitrothion, and metoxuron by means of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (lc/ms) with particle beam (pb) interface is described. surface water samples were first spiked with 50 µg/l of each pesticide and then exposed to the radiation of the medium-pressure mercury lamp. next, in regular intervals o...

A novel technique has been developed to build vessels for liquid xenon ionization detectors entirely out of ultra-clean fluoropolymer. We describe the advantages in terms of low radioactivity contamination, provide some details of the construction techniques, and show the energy resolution achieved with a prototype all-fluoropolymer ionization detector.

An electrospray ionization ion source coupled to a time-of-flight mass analyzer incorporating a multi-anode time-to-digital converter is described. High-speed data acquisition (kHz mass spectral acquisition) rates are achieved. The four-anode detector produces a significant increase in detection/counting efficiency over that for a single-anode detector. In this work a 2.5 times increase in dete...

Differences in recording positive and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectra on a quadrupole mass spectrometer are discussed. An analog positive and negative ion electron multiplier detector is described which is well suited for a quadrupole instrument. This detector significantly reduces baseline noise in the negative ion mode and improves positive ion high mass sensitivity.

Prepared standards of halothane in oxygen were analysed using a Pye Series 104 gas chromatograph equipped with a heated head flame ionization detector and gas sampling valve. The adoption of a positive jet voltage expanded the linear dynamic range of the detector to cover the 0.5-9.0% by volume range, provided that a small (0.5-ml) sample loop was used.

A commercial flame ionization detector was converted to a gas chromatographic detector selective for silicon-containing compounds by simply interchanging the oxygen and hydrogen inlets so that the flame burned in a hydrogen atmosphere. The optimal configuration of various detector geometries was found to be a narrow cylindrical tube with the collector electrode positioned more than 10 cm from t...

With the continuous development of science and technologies in China, radiotherapy technology medical field has been very significantly developing, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) most widely used. This paper first introduces components types two-dimensional matrix detector, ionization chamber detector semiconductor then analyzes dosimetric characteristics detector. In end, various...