The problem of utilization of high-activity waste by effect of nuclear transmutation in growing associations of microbiological cultures was studied. For the first time we have observed utilization of several kinds of highly active isotopes in the volume of distilled water extracted from the first contour of water-water atomic reactor convert to non-radioactive nuclei. 1. The model and the foun...

Chernobyl, the largest ever nuclear accident, caused a huge release of radioactive isotopes, including nearly 2x10(18) Bq of iodine-131. Four years later an increase in thyroid cancer incidence, virtually all papillary carcinomas in children, occurred in the highly exposed areas. The increase has continued, and with increasing latency the tumour molecular and morphological pathology has changed...

Since all isotopes of any element have identical chemical behaviour, the radioactive isotopes of iodine are metabolised in the same way as normal iodine, and become highly concentrated in normal or over-active thyroid tissue and, in some circumstances , in thyroid cancer tissue. It may consequently be possible to destroy part or all of such tissues by the effects of the intense local beta radia...

The most significant impact of the Chernobyl accident is the increased incidence of thyroid cancer among children who were exposed to short-lived radioiodines and 131-iodine. In order to accurately estimate the radiation dose provided by these radioiodines, it is necessary to know where iodine is incorporated. To do that, the distribution at the cellular level of newly organified iodine in the ...

Isotopes that may contaminate crops Fallout may be made up of a hundred or more active isotopes but only a few of them are likely to be harmful as crop contaminants. Iodine. As 1311, it will be a major hazard for a few weeks after fallout arrives. Chamberlain & Chadwick (1953) showed that iodine gas is deposited on grass by diffusion. Chamberlain, Loutit, Martin & Russell (1955) note that, in f...

The origin of r-process elements Theoretical models predict that the synthesis heavy by rapid neutron capture process (r-process) occurs in extreme astrophysical environments such as star mergers or some types supernovae. Testing those predictions comparing them with isotopic record has been difficult. Côté et al. examined two isotopes, iodine-129 and curium-247, both which have half-lives 15.6...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in children and adolescents is a medical problem that attracts attention of investigators and clinicians primarily because of the high incidence of this malignancy in individuals exposed to radioactive isotopes of iodine in case of nuclear reactor emergencies. New facts uncovered by various research groups make it possible to see the clinical and pathological p...

Previous investigations of the turnover of normal and "pathological" gamma globulins using radioisotopically in vitro trace-labeled proteins in patients with multiple myeloma, macroglobulineniia, and benign M-type hypergammaglobulinemia (1-10) have yielded different results. The present study was undertaken to delineate and compare simultaneously the metabolism of normal gamma globulin and M-co...

The relationships between the polypeptide chains of gammaG immunoglobulin and fragments of the molecule produced by papain and pepsin have been investigated. Specific procedures were employed including peptide mapping of tryptic hydrolysates and analysis of molecules reconstituted from chains labeled with different iodine isotopes. By these means, the Fab fragment was shown unequivocally to con...