Sir,?As Captain Duer suggests i" the Indian Medical Gazette, October 1901, it would interest us much to hear more from our experienced operators of the cause of this accident of involuntary iridectomy. I have often wondered why more has not been said about it. When it has happened to me I have always put it down to want of skill. Perhaps it has been so. I do not believe that it is always due to...

Sir,?I must plead guilty to having performed many iridectomies unintentionally, and at the same time point out the cause of this little accident in most of my cases. This was a "bellying" of the blade of the Grafe's knife. If instead of the knife being, except at the point, of equal thickness and width there be a " belly " or greater width in the forepart of the blade, leaving the part near the...

Involuntary autobiographical memories are spontaneously arising memories of personal events, whereas voluntary memories are retrieved strategically. Voluntary remembering has been studied in numerous experiments while involuntary remembering has been largely ignored. It is generally assumed that voluntary recall is the standard way of remembering, whereas involuntary recall is the exception. Ho...

BACKGROUND Involuntary treatment is a key issue in healthcare ethics. In this study, ethical issues relating to involuntary psychiatric treatment are investigated through interviews with Swedish psychiatrists. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with eight Swedish psychiatrists, focusing on their experiences of and views on compulsory treatment. In relation to this, issues about patien...

BACKGROUND Previous research on mental health care has shown considerable differences in use of seclusion, restraint and involuntary medication among different wards and geographical areas. This study investigates to what extent use of seclusion, restraint and involuntary medication for involuntary admitted patients in Norwegian acute psychiatric wards is associated with patient, staff and ward...

The United Nations estimates that 79% of teenage girls trafficked globally every year are forced into involuntary prostitution. About 247 000 South African children work in exploitative conditions; about 40 000 South African female teenagers work as prostitutes. This paper investigates lifestyles and routine activities of teenagers at risk of being trafficked for involuntary prostitution. The k...

Introduction: One of the most frequent abnormal sleep disorders is insomnia, which can interfere with the daily functioning of an individual by affecting social relationships and occupational activity. Insomnia is often referred to as "sahar" in most traditional Iranian sources. The scholars of traditional medicine in Iran grouped the causes of insomnia into "voluntary" and inv...

Risk propensity is the stable tendency to choose options with a lower probability of success, but greater rewards. Its evaluation has been approached from various perspectives: from self-report questionnaires to objective tests. Self-report questionnaires have often been criticized due to interference from voluntary and involuntary biases, in addition to their lack of predictive value. Objectiv...

This paper uses data from the British Household Panel Survey to shed further light on the fall in consumption at retirement (the “retirement-consumption puzzle”). Comparing food spending for men retiring involuntarily early (through ill health or redundancy) with spending for those who retire voluntarily, it finds a significant fall in spending only for those who retire involuntarily. This is c...

BACKGROUND A fundamental unsolved problem in psychophysical detection experiments is in discriminating guesses from the correct responses. This paper proposes a coherent solution to this problem by presenting a novel classification method that compares biomechanical and psychological responses. METHODS Subjects (13) stood on a platform that was translated anteriorly 16 mm to find psychophysic...