نتایج جستجو برای: introductionmany aspect strongly influence regional climate includes localized surface processes

تعداد نتایج: 2423865  

2009
Gordon Conway

the African climate is determined at the macro-level by three major processes or drivers: tropical convection, the alternation of the monsoons, and the el niño-southern oscillation of the Pacific ocean. the first two are local processes that determine the regional and seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall. the last is more remote in its origin, but strongly influences the year to year r...

2001
L. Ruby Leung John Michalakes Xindi Bian

Regional Climate Models (RCMs) are practical downscaling tools to yield regional climate information for assessing the impacts of climate variability and change. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) RCM, based on the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), features a novel subgrid treatment of orographic precipitation for coupling climate, hydrologic, and ecologic processes at the wa...

Journal: :Remote Sensing 2016
Md Shahriar Pervez Geoffrey M. Henebry

Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature dynamics play a prominent role in Asian summer monsoon variability. Two interactive climate modes of the Indo-Pacific—the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole mode—modulate the amount of precipitation over India, in addition to precipitation over Africa, Indonesia, and Australia. However, this modulation is not spatially uniform. T...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014
Edouard L Davin Sonia I Seneviratne Philippe Ciais Albert Olioso Tao Wang

Changes in agricultural practices are considered a possible option to mitigate climate change. In particular, reducing or suppressing tillage (no-till) may have the potential to sequester carbon in soils, which could help slow global warming. On the other hand, such practices also have a direct effect on regional climate by altering the physical properties of the land surface. These biogeophysi...

Journal: :Remote Sensing 2016
Yan Yang Sassan Saatchi Liang Xu Yifan Yu Michael A. Lefsky Lee White Yuri Knyazikhin Ranga B. Myneni

Spatial variation of tropical forest tree height is a key indicator of ecological processes associated with forest growth and carbon dynamics. Here we examine the macroscale variations of tree height of humid tropical forests across three continents and quantify the climate and edaphic controls on these variations. Forest tree heights are systematically sampled across global humid tropical fore...

2013
M. Trail A. P. Tsimpidi P. Liu K. Tsigaridis Y. Hu A. Nenes B. Stone A. G. Russell

[1] The impact of future land use and land cover changes (LULCC) on regional and global climate is one of the most challenging aspects of understanding anthropogenic climate change. We study the impacts of LULCC on regional climate in the southeastern U.S. by downscaling the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies global climate model E to the regional scale using a spectral nudging technique ...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014
Luigi Ponti Andrew Paul Gutierrez Paolo Michele Ruti Alessandro Dell'Aquila

The Mediterranean Basin is a climate and biodiversity hot spot, and climate change threatens agro-ecosystems such as olive, an ancient drought-tolerant crop of considerable ecological and socioeconomic importance. Climate change will impact the interactions of olive and the obligate olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae), and alter the economics of olive culture across the Basin. We estimate the ef...

2013
M. Trail A. P. Tsimpidi P. Liu K. Tsigaridis Y. Hu A. Nenes

17 The impact of future land use and land cover changes (LULCC) on regional and global 18 climate is one of the most challenging aspects of understanding anthropogenic climate change. 19 We study the impacts of LULCC on regional climate in the southeastern U.S. by 20 downscaling the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) global climate model E to 21 the regional scale using a spectral ...

2016
Estelle Couradeau Ulas Karaoz Hsiao Chien Lim Ulisses Nunes da Rocha Trent Northen Eoin Brodie Ferran Garcia-Pichel

Soil surface temperature, an important driver of terrestrial biogeochemical processes, depends strongly on soil albedo, which can be significantly modified by factors such as plant cover. In sparsely vegetated lands, the soil surface can be colonized by photosynthetic microbes that build biocrust communities. Here we use concurrent physical, biochemical and microbiological analyses to show that...

2010

The effectiveness of a system of reserves may be compromised under climate change as species’ habitat shifts to nonreserved areas, a problem that may be compounded when well-studied vertebrate species are used as conservation umbrellas for other taxa. The Northwest Forest Plan was among the first efforts to integrate conservation of wideranging focal species and localized endemics into regional...

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