OBJECTIVE To measure intravaginal practices among women of differing ages, ethnicities, and human immunodeficiency virus status and the association between intravaginal practices and bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis infection. METHODS Between 2008 and 2010, we recruited and followed sexually active women aged 18-65 years living in Los Angeles. At the enrollment and month 12 visit, particip...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the electrical resistance values of the cervical mucus and/or blood οestradiol-17β and progesterone concentrations at mating, after oestrous synchronisation during the anoestrous or oestrous period in ewes, are related to fertility. Oestrus was induced by medroxyprogesterone acetate-impregnated intravaginal sponges (Veramix, Upjohn, US...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect administration half or full dose prostaglandinF2α (PGF2α; Gestavet Prost, d-cloprostenol, HIPRA®) injection in a routine synchronization protocol following theend breeding period including intravaginal sponge (medroxyprogesterone acetate; Espanjovet, andeCG (Oviser 500, on certain fertility parameters ewes.Two hundred thirty-eight Awassi yearl...

The objective of the study was to compare pregnancy rates after short-term and long-term synchroniza-tion protocol in Kivircik ewes. Ewes (n=54) were randomly divided into two synchronization groups as ST (short-term; n=27) or LT (long-term, n=27). Intravaginal sponge inserted on same day (D0) both groups. It removed at 7 days (D7) group 13 (D13) group. All ewes received 450 IU eCG 75 μg d-clop...

In two experiments, 64 crossbred ewes that had lambed in September or January and had their lambs removed within 24 h after birth were assigned to four groups and given the following treatments: group 1 (16 ewes)-1 ml saline, im or iv on d 10 postpartum; group 2 (24 ewes)-150 microgram/gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in 1 ml saline, im or iv on d 10 postpartum; group 3 (16 ewes)-150 micro...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of oral estradiol given with either oral or intravaginal micronized progesterone (P4) on risk biomarkers for breast cancer in a postmenopausal monkey model. DESIGN This experiment was a two-way crossover study in which 20 ovariectomized adult female cynomolgus macaques were treated (in equivalent doses for women) with oral estradiol (1 mg/d) + oral micronized...

OBJECTIVES Although common worldwide, intravaginal cleansing is associated with poor health outcomes. We sought to describe intravaginal cleansing among women attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in Jamaica. METHODS We examined intravaginal cleansing ("washing up inside the vagina", douching, and products or materials used) among 293 participants in a randomized trial of co...

OBJECTIVE Intravaginal practices-including behaviors such as intravaginal cleansing and insertion of products-have been linked to a number of adverse reproductive health outcomes, including increased risk for bacterial vaginosis, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV. Currently, little is known about the motivations for intravaginal practices among women in the United States. The objective o...

The objectives of this study were to determine residual and absorbed levels of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) after treatment with intravaginal sponges impregnated with different doses of MAP in an ewe herd and to determine the effects of such treatments upon estrus incidence, interval to estrus onset and pregnancy rate. Polyurethane sponges impregnated with 40, 50 and 60mg of MAP were prepa...