botulism is a zoonotic disease which has a worldwide distribution . the source of infection in livestock is usually carcasses of birds, domestic and wild animals . rotten carcasses of animals are contaminated by clostridium botulinum .the toxin of this bacteria leads to a fatal paralytic disease . this paper reports an outbreak of domestic animal botulism in the villages of bushehr province in ...

Background & Aims: Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in human. Parasites are one of the most important causes of infectious diseases in patients with AIDS. The prevalence of these parasites varies based on the condition of host’s immune system and the stage of disease (HIV/AIDS). To compare the prevalence of opportunistic intestinal parasites a c...

context bowel obstruction is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen. because of heterogeneity of patients’ population and variety of causes, therapeutic strategies are not standardized, so treatment of intestinal obstruction is a surgical challenge in many cases. a traditional medicine approach could help detect some issues that were ignored by modern medicine. one of the major schools ...

The authors describe the case of a teenager with low back pain, abdominal pain and low-grade fever finally diagnosed Crohn’s disease. intestinal extraintestinal manifestations disease are discussed.

crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation that causes the loss of immune tolerance leading to bizarre inflammatory signals and disruption of mucosal barriers. environmental triggers and interaction of genetic determinants also play an indispensible role. in this case report, we present a pre-pubertal girl with intermittent and refra...