This paper investigates the effects of bank internationalization on risk-taking. We find that internationalization increases bank risk-taking: the Z-score of US banks that engage in foreign activities is lower than that of their purely domestic peers. The results are consistent with the empirical dominance of the market risk hypothesis, whereby internationalization increases banks’ risk due to ...

This study examines the use of value-add partners in the internationalization process of small software producers. The characteristics of the software industry are presented and the value networks of this industry are illustrated. The software market is characterized by high-levels of uncertainty. The nature of the market supports externalization through network relationships and drives compani...

They are circulated for discussion purposes only. Their contents should be considered preliminary and are not to be quoted without the authors' permission. Summary. Impelled by globalization, there is now intense policy focus on the internationalization of national firms. Yet firms' initiation into international activities has not received sufficiently acute attention. Active 'consideration' th...

As China rapidly emerges as the new frontier of IT offshoring, the country’s IT outsourcing industry undergoes a profound change: many vendors are strategically shifting their client bases from Japan to the U.S. and Europe. This trend provides us with a good opportunity to investigate an understudied topic in the IS literature: the internationalization strategies of IT service vendors from emer...

Independent software vendors need to grow beyond their domestic markets. Software producing organizations are faced with a great number of options and opportunities on how they choose to conduct internationalization. Interestingly, efforts conducted have a high failure rate and software companies rarely succeed at first. In this paper we present a systematic mapping study and the results of 20 ...

I define and describe the current state of internationalization in psychology. Internationalization refers here to the approach in which existing or new psychological theories, methods, procedures or data across cultures are synthesized so as to create a more culture-informed, inclusive, and globally applicable science and profession. This approach is essential to advance psychology beyond its ...

While voluminous research has focused on the impact of host country institutions on foreign entrants, the rise of outward internationalization of firms from emerging economies is challenging this research stream. Limited work has been done to investigate a crucial question: How do home country institutions influence firms from emerging economies to engage in outward internationalization? Inspir...

A number of arguments are presented that propose a theoretical relationship between a SME's environmental perceptions, performance, and competitive approach with their motives for internationalization. Data from 176 firms were used to test these relationships. The findings suggest that firms pursuing internationalization proactively are mainly influenced by favorable perceptions of their enviro...

The German software industry is vital to the German economy's success. However, it has missed some current trends where software companies lack broader international activity. Existing models that take domestic market size into account can only partially explain the different degrees of internationalized companies between different countries. In addition, they are unable to explain individual c...