one of the major purposes of optimization in civil engineering is to perform a suitable design for the structure. this goal has to fulfill technical criteria and contain the minimum economical costs. building frames are of the most customary civil engineering structures. therefore, optimization of these types of structures could be of a great concern from the economical viewpoints. one of the c...

Studies have established that hybrid models outperform single models. The particle swarm algorithm (PSO)-based PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller control system is used in this study to determine the parameters directly impact speed and performance of Electro Search (ESO) obtain global optimum point. ESPID was created by integrating with ESO algorithm. improved has been applied 7...

nowadays, because of the growing numbers of vehicles on streets and roads, the use of intelligent controlsystems to improve driving safety and health has become a necessity. to design and implement suchcontrol systems, having information about traffic light colors is essential. there are the wide variety oftraffic lights in terms of light intensity and color. therefore it seems that design and ...