Although the ability to detect deception is critical in many professional contexts, most observers (including professional lie-catchers) are able to identify deceivers at the level of chance only. Further, almost all studies of deception detection have used low-stakes deception scenarios in determining deceptive behavior and training effectiveness. We evaluated the effectiveness of a comprehens...

A laboratory experiment examines the claims that (1) humans are susceptible to flattery from computers and (2) the effects of flattery from computers are the same as the effects of flattery from humans. In a cooperative task with a computer, subjects (N"41) received one of three types of feedback from a computer: ‘‘sincere praise’’, ‘‘flattery’’ (insincere praise) or ‘‘generic feedback’’. Compa...

The practice of medicine by clergymen aroused considerable anger in early seventeenth-century England. This has frequently been noted by historians but the nature of the critique has been obscured by inattention to the religious character of the attack. Clerical practitioners are often depicted as being so widespread in early modem England that they constituted a "dominant group in the medical ...

A significant majority of the world’s constitutional courts publicize their decisions through direct contact with the national media. This interest in public information is puzzling in so far as constitutional judges are not directly accountable to voters. I argue that the promotion of case results is consistent with a theory of judicial behavior in which public support for courts can undermine...

This work investigated crosslinguistic perception of Mandarin utterances conveying six classes of attitudes, i.e., dominant/ submissive, friendly/hostile, polite/rude, serious/joking, praising/blaming, and sincere/insincere. Five groups of subjects were tested: native Mandarin speakers, Japanese L2 learners of Mandarin, French L2 learners of Mandarin, naïve Japanese without Mandarin ability, an...

Do people distinguish between sincere and insincere apologies? Because targets and observers face different constraints, we hypothesized that observers would differentiate between spontaneous and coerced apologies but that targets would not. In Studies 1 and 2 participants either received or observed a spontaneous apology, a coerced apology, or no apology, following a staged offense, and the pr...

In this research, it is aimed to analyze the psychological capital, class connectedness and alienation of university students according views instructors. According findings research conducted with qualitative method, some factors that reduce capital are; their concerns about future, employment problems, not knowing profession. Some increase students' positive future expectations, high motivati...

Wangensteen. Dr. Cave subscribes to the belief that "not to know the truth will cause the least mental anguish to many patients... ." Dr. Wangensteen, on the other hand, makes a strong plea for telling the truth, saying that the patient sooner or later guesses what is being hid from him and then loses trust in his physician and is bewildered and hurt by the insincere behavior of his friends and...

We study the computational complexity of several scenarios of strategic behavior for the Kemeny procedure in the setting of judgment aggregation. In particular, we investigate (1) manipulation, where an individual aims to achieve a better group outcome by reporting an insincere individual opinion, (2) bribery, where an external agent aims to achieve an outcome with certain properties by bribing...

We analyse the computational complexity of three problems in judgment aggregation: (1) computing a collective judgment from a profile of individual judgments (the winner determination problem); (2) deciding whether a given agent can influence the outcome of a judgment aggregation procedure in her favour by reporting insincere judgments (the strategic manipulation problem); and (3) deciding whet...