Deficiency in vitamin A during human development can perturb a number of developmental processes, including cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, and lead to congenital malformations. There is no de novo synthesis of vitamin A in the human embryo, thus in utero developing tissues are reliant on maternal retinol, which is converted intracellularly into a biologically active derivat...

Numerous attempts to deal surgically with otosclerosis were made before the current method of stapedectomy with stapes prosthesis was established. We report a case with unique CT findings of a patient who underwent fenestration surgery for otosclerosis in the early 1940s. Recognition of this old surgical procedure on the imaging scans may avoid misdiagnosis of labyrinthine fistulae or middle an...

the aim of the current study is to investigate hearing function in patients with allergic rhinitis. fifty-eight patients with positive skin prick test (group 1) (116 ears) and    31 subjects with negative skin prick test (62 ears) as group 2 were included. pure tone audiometry at 250,500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 hz and immittance measures, including tympanometry and acoustic reflex tests, wer...

Cellular heterogeneity hinders the extraction of functionally significant results and inference of regulatory networks from wide-scale expression profiles of complex mammalian organs. The mammalian inner ear consists of the auditory and vestibular systems that are each composed of hair cells, supporting cells, neurons, mesenchymal cells, other epithelial cells, and blood vessels. We developed a...

Background: Congenital Profound hearing loss is one of the leading handicaps that is encountered among children in the Indian subcontinent. There is a great demand for cochlear implantation in the Indian clinical scenario due to the high incidence of congenital hearing loss, due to a multitude of etiological factors. Such factors may also lead to anomalies in the cochlea and cochlear nerve, thu...

BACKGROUND Surgery for major malformations of the outer and middle ear involves aesthetic as well as functional aspects. Whereas reconstruction of the auricle with autogenous rib cartilage is well established and has shown favorable results, functional repair using classic reconstructive techniques is possible only in a limited group of patients and the outcome is often unsatisfactory. Active m...

INTRODUCTION Congenital malformations and acquired lesions of the inner ear are characterised by small structural changes in this region. In recent decades, treatment options have improved considerably. At the same time, there has been a great advancement in diagnostic methods, obtaining high-resolution labyrinth images. Currently, we use a 64-multislice computed tomography scanner in spiral mo...

OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of inner ear anomalies and the frequency of different anomaly types among cochlear implant recipients. METHODS This study included a retrospective chart review of all patients who received cochlear implants between January 2009 and January 2013 in King Abdulaziz University Hospital cochlear implant program in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All subjects underwent ...

any portion of the membranous or the bony labyrinth. A primary or secondary deficiency of the cochlear nerve may also present as a congenital anomaly. CT and MRI allow for a detailed analysis of each lesion and they can provide guidance for the proper treatment of each patient. Both CT and MR imaging can be used to detect inner ear malformations, yet the two techniques are often complementary. ...