The seahare Aplysia spp. extracts many of its defensive chemicals from its red seaweed diet, including its purple ink, which is an effective deterrent against predators such as anemones and crabs. It is believed that the inking behavior is a high-threshold, all-or-none fixed act that nearly completely depletes the seahare of its ink supply. If a seahare depletes its gland of ink, it must seek o...

Fractionation is important to understand someone’s health. How we can simulate blood fractionation through a simple, inexpensive ink spread experiment more about blood fractionation and liquid chromatography. Cotton will spread on ink the most because it has the most pores. Pilot ink spreads fast because it is water-based (low viscosity). Higher temperatures should result in more spread because...

We formulated a latex ink for ink-jet deposition of viable Gram-negative bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans as a model adhesive, thin, highly bio-reactive microstructured microbial coating. Control of G. oxydans latex-based ink viscosity by dilution with water allowed ink-jet piezoelectric droplet deposition of 30 × 30 arrays of two or three droplets/dot microstructures on a polyester substrate. P...

Ink analysis is central to questioned document examination. We applied direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART MS) to ballpoint, gel, and fluid writing ink analysis. DART MS acquires the mass spectrum of an ink while it is still on a document without altering the appearance of the document. Spectra were acquired from ink on a variety of papers, and the spectrum of the blank paper c...

It describes each component element of Chinese ink painting in detail. Firstly, this paper presents brush emulation based on physical calculation. The brush model comprises a spine skeleton wrapped up a smooth surface which can be deformed through constrained energy minimization. The model can bend the skeleton and change the shape of the tuft when there is a force applied on the brush. Then, i...

An ink jet printing system consists of three fundamental parts: inks, printing engine, and substrates. Inks are materials creating color by selectively absorbing and scattering the visible illumination light. The printer acts as an ink distributor that governs the ink application. Finally, the substrate acts as a receiver of the inks and forms the images. Ink setting on the substrate is a compl...

It is well documented that plastics surface modification techniques can greatly improve the acceptance of a wide variety of coatings, adhesives and inks for improved decoration, painting and adhesive assembly. By increasing the hydrophilic characteristics and surface-free energy of plastics, bond strengths can be improved dramatically. It is theorized that interlayer adhesion between decorating...

Pen-based computing has and continues to become accepted and increasingly used. Hardware and software vendors have typically stored and represented digital ink using proprietary or restrictive ink formats, and have provided software development toolkits to access or manipulate ink for user development on their devices. The variety of digital ink formats and device-dependent software toolkits ha...

This paper presents an approach for extracting and segmenting tables from Chinese ink documents based on a matrix model. An ink document is first modeled as a matrix containing ink rows, including writing and drawing ones. Each row consists of collinear ink lines containing ink characters. Together with their associated drawing rows, adjacent writing rows having an identical distribution of wri...