This paper examines the concept of simulation from a modelling viewpoint. How can one Mealy machine simulate the other one? We create formalism for simulation of Mealy machines. The injective s–morphism of the machine semigroups induces the simulation of machines [1]. We present the example of s–morphism such that it is not a homomorphism of semigroups. The story for the surjective s–morphisms ...

Let $mathcal{X}$ be a class of $R$-modules‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we investigate ;$mathcal{X}$-injective (projective) and DG-$mathcal{X}$-injective (projective) complexes which are generalizations of injective (projective) and DG-injecti‎‎ve (projective) complexes‎. ‎We prove that some known results can be extended to the class of ;$mathcal{X}$-injective (projective) and DG-$mathcal{X}$-injective ...

let $mathcal{x}$ be a class of $r$-modules‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we investigate ;$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) and dg-$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) complexes which are generalizations of injective (projective) and dg-injecti‎‎ve (projective) complexes‎. ‎we prove that some known results can be extended to the class of ;$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) and dg-$mathcal{x}$-injective ...

In this paper, we establish the necessary and sufficient condition for an equivalence relation ρ on S-act A endowed with a topology such that A/ρ becomes Hausdorff topological S-act. Also, show if A1 A2 be two S-acts, then any homomorphism ϕ : → A2, A1/ ker is only ϕ-saturated continuous. Moreover, congruences θ1 θ2 topology, ∩ congruence mapping A/θ1 × A/θ2, defined by ϕ(a) = (aθ1, aθ2), all ∈...

Semigroups S for which the Banach algebra ℓ 1 (S) is injective are investigated and an application to the work of O. Yu. Aristov is described.

Let R be a right GF -closed ring with finite left and right Gorenstein global dimension. We prove that if I is an ideal of R such that R/I is a semi-simple ring, then the Gorenstein flat dimension of R/I as a right R-module and the Gorenstein injective dimension of R/I as a left R-module are identical. In particular, we show that for a simple module S over a commutative Gorenstein ring R, the G...