background the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms (tns) after spinal anesthesia with lidocaine is reported as high as 40%. objectives this prospective clinical trial was designed to determine the incidence of tns in patients who underwent spinal anesthesia with two different needles, in two different surgical positions. patients and methods the present randomized clinical trial was cond...

BACKGROUND Despite evidence of the effectiveness of injectable opioid treatment compared with oral methadone for chronic heroin addiction, the additional cost of injectable treatment is considerable, and cost-effectiveness uncertain. AIMS To compare the cost-effectiveness of supervised injectable heroin and injectable methadone with optimised oral methadone for chronic refractory heroin addic...

allergic reaction to local anesthetics is very rare and most of the reported cases are due to ester local anesthetics. this case presents a parturient who experienced cardiac arrest due to hypersensitivity reaction to lidocaine after epidural injection for cesrarean section.

Hydrogels have been used for biomedical applications in recent decades. They are a perfect candidate for regenerative medicine as they resemble the extracellular matrix of native tissues. In addition, their highly hydrated structure makes them a suitable choice for drug and other therapeutics delivery. Injectable hydrogels have increasingly gained attention due to their capability for homogeneo...

atropine (at) and oximes, alone or in combination, have been proven greatly valuable therapeutics in the treatment of organophosphates intoxications. an injectable mixture of at and obidoxime (ob) was formulated for administration by automatic self-injector. the aqueous single dose solution contained 275 mg obidoxime chloride and 2.5 mg atropine sulfate per 1 ml (220 mg and 2 mg per 0.8 effecti...

toxic reactions to local anesthetics may occur due to over dose, accidental intravenous injections or rapid systemic uptake of the drugs. but there have been few reports on toxicity due to displacement of epidural catheters after an initial correct insertion and performance of a test dose.  here we present a case of local anesthetics toxicity due to possible displacement of the epidural cathete...