BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study shows how the diffusion of the anesthetic into the sheath occurs through the axillary infraclavicular space and hence proves the efficacy of the anesthetic block of the brachial plexus, and may thereby allow a consolidation of this pathway, with fewer complications, previously attached to the anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS 33 armpits of adult cadavers w...

Variations in the arrangement and distribution of brachial plexus and its branches in the infraclavicular part are common and have been reported by several investigators since the 19th century. These variations are significant for the neurologists, surgeons, anesthetists and the anatomists. During routine anatomical dissection of the right axilla and infraclavicular region of a 45-year-old male...

Brachial plexus injuries are devastating and usually result from high-energy trauma in young patients. Clinicians treating brachial plexus injuries need to recognize the pattern of injury presenting in each patient. Most injuries can be described as either supraclavicular or infraclavicular. The specific injury is determined by means ofa precise workup, including careful physical examination, e...

UNLABELLED The infraclavicular brachial plexus block first described by Raj et al. was supposed to anesthetize all the main peripheral nerves of the brachial plexus without the risk of pneumothorax. However, in performing the block, we have had difficulties finding the nerves at the cord level. Therefore, we questioned whether the recommended needle direction (the "Raj line") guides the needle ...

BACKGROUND Infraclavicular brachial plexus block is an appropriate approach for distal arm and forearm surgeries. Local anesthetic adjuvant agents are used to improve the quality of nerve blocks. Dexmedetomidine and ketorolac are two different types of adjuvants, which have been used in some studies. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dexmedetomidine and ketoro...

BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve blocks are almost always performed as blind procedures. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of seeing individual nerves of the brachial plexus and directing the block needle to these nerves with real time imaging. METHODS Using ultrasound guidance, infraclavicular brachial plexus block was performed in 126 patients. Important aspects of this stand...

OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that ultrasound (US)-guided technique of the supra- and infraclavicular and axillary approaches of brachial plexus block (BPB) will produce a high quality of surgical anesthesia for operations below the shoulder independently of the approach and body mass index (BMI). Intercostobrachial and medial brachial cutaneous nerves will be blocked separately because they are no...

Dr Nair’s letter to the editor regarding the failed nerve blocks mentioned in our paper, “Comparison of the supraclavicular, infraclavicular and axillary approaches for ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block for surgical anesthesia”,1 raised several points that I believe are worth looking at in more detail. We are grateful for Dr Nair’s comments which have contributed to the furthering of scho...

Wilson's disease (WD) is characterized by progressive copper accumulation with hepatic and neurological impairment. Anesthesia and surgical practices may exacerbate WD and liver damage, and even cause life-threatening liver failure. Due to this existing liver damage, anesthetic management is important in WD cases in terms of drug choice, dose, and technique used. This study reports an emergency...