Extensive research over the last decades basically failed to identify a common cause of noninfectious inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disease. To a great extent, this may reflect that the group of inflammatory CNS demyelinating disorders likely contains multiple pathogenetically distinct disease entities. Indeed, the greatest success so far in deciphering the pathogenesi...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, are autoimmune CNS inflammatory diseases. As a result of a breakdown in the relatively impermeable blood-brain barrier (BBB) in affected individuals, myelin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells gain entry into the immune privileged CNS and initiate myelin, oligodendrocyte, and nerve axon destruction. However, desp...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is predominantly an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS) unknown etiology with a possible genetic predisposition and effect certain environmental factors. It generally accepted that begins autoimmune inflammatory reaction targeting oligodendrocytes followed by rapid depletion their regenerative capacity subsequent permanent neurodegenerative change...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Inflammation caused by immune cells destroy the myelin and then axon. CNS failure to complete repair results in permanent disabilities. Some types of stem cells have special potentials to repair these injuries and even cure MS. Neural crest stem cells with a mutual origin with CNS and the ability of differen...

Infection of the developing fetus with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of central nervous system disease in infants and children; however, mechanism(s) of disease associated with this intrauterine infection remain poorly understood. Utilizing a mouse model of HCMV infection of the developing CNS, we have shown that peripheral inoculation of newborn mice with murine CMV (MCMV) resu...

Previous research has shown that chronic restraint stress exacerbates Theiler's virus infection, a murine model for CNS inflammation and multiple sclerosis. The current set of experiments was designed to evaluate the potential role of glucocorticoids in the deleterious effects of restraint stress on acute CNS inflammatory disease. Exposure to chronic restraint stress resulted in elevated levels...

inflammatory bowel diseases are one of the important reasons of the referral to gi practitioners in our country and ulcerative colitis is the more frequent type of these disease in iran. in this study 200 cases of ulcerative colitis, which has been referred to imam khomeini hospital during that last 5 year, were studied. data was collected using the patient's records and face to face inter...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the myelination of neurons present in central nervous system (CNS). The exact etiology MS development unclear, but various environmental and genetic factors might play role initiating disease. Experimental encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model used to study pathophysiology as well effects possible therapeutic agents. In addition...

TNFα is one of the most important inflammatory cytokines which induces caspase and apoptotic process. There are two forms of TNFα: soluble TNFα (solTNFα) and transmembrane TNFα (tmTNFα). These inflammatory cytokines have two receptors namely TNRF1 and TNRF2. The attachments of the cytokines to those receptors induce the TRAF and activate the NK-Kb. TNFR1 is f...

multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae), are inflammatory autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. chymotrypsin is a serine protease with immunomodulatory effect in the peripheral organs. we previously demonstrated the immunomodulatory effect of chymotrypsin in ameliorating the eae in female lewis rats. however, there are sex-based...