the budd–chiari syndrome (bcs) is a rare disorder caused by the obstruction of the hepatic veins or the inferior vena cava (ivc) at the suprahepatic level. this syndrome is developed by either hepatic vein thrombosis or mechanical venous obstruction and leads to centrilobular hepatic congestion with the subsequent development of fibrosis and cirrhosis. intracardiac tumors have been rarely repor...

background: â budd-chiari syndrome (bcs) is a rare syndrome caused by hepatic venous outflow obstruction. the etiology of bcs differs between western and eastern countries. this article is a review of all published articles in iranian and international journals regarding different aspects of bcs (prevalence, etiology, and conventional treatments) in iran. materials and methods : â  in this revi...

Venous anomalies involving the inferior vena cava are very rare. The case of a 74-year-old man with coronary artery disease is presented. Interestingly, a double inferior vena cava was incidentally discovered during coronary artery bypass grafting. Persistence of the left hepatic segment vein appeared as a left inferior vena cava-a very rare condition.

We report the case of a previously well 18-year-old male who presented to the Emergency Department with lower limb pain. An ultrasound demonstrated extensive left sided deep vein thrombosis and computed tomography demonstrated inferior vena cava agenesis, leading to the diagnosis of inferior vena cava agenesis associated deep vein thrombosis. The aetiology of inferior vena cava agenesis is expl...

BACKGROUND The clinical presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) varies tremendously depending upon the type of lymphoma and the areas of involvement. NHL can rarely present as an abdominal mass compressing the inferior vena cava. The clinical presentation due to obstruction of inferior vena cava has often been called the inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS). It can present acutely or chronical...

INTRODUCTION Leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava are rare malignant tumors. A limited number of these cases have been described so far. Only few of them have intracardiac propagation and surgery is rarely undertaken for their treatment. CASE OUTLINE We present a 52-year-old female patient in whom leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava with intracardiac propagation was diagnosed. The p...

Contrast echocardiography was used before cardiac catheterisation in 37 patients with atrial septal defect and a left-to-right shunt and in 18 patients with a raised right atrial and ventricular pressure to assess the contrast echo effect in the inferior vena cava. Using two dimensional contrast apical echocardiography we found a negative contrast echo effect within the right atrium in many but...

Inferior vena cava (IVC) aneurysms are extremely rare. Patients can be asymptomatic, have thrombosis, rupture, or pulmonary embolism. Thrombosis of the IVC aneurysm may mimic a retroperitoneal tumor. Surgical treatment of abdominal venous aneurysms with thrombosis is warranted and is necessary for the management of intraoperative bleeding and thrombosis.