Heinz Feldmann, Thomas Geisbert, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, and Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, and Uniform...

Alexandra Calmy, Nathan Ford, and Graeme Meintjes Division of Infectious Diseases, HIV Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, and Department of HIV, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Wellcome Trust Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Departmen...

Author details Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Program, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Dignit...

abo blood type antigens are polymorphic, inherited structures presented on the surface of red blood cells. although abo blood group antigens is the most important antigens in transfusion medicine, its main role is not clearly clarified. correlation between abo blood group and susceptibility to certain infectious and non-infectious diseases is a controversial issue. since, lack of blood type ant...

1Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK 2Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA 3Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, New Haven, CT, USA 44Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA ⇤Direct correspondence to katherine.atk...

*Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia †Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia ‡Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia §Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institut...

background and purpose: clinical competence has four essential components: knowledge , physical exam , problem solving and communication skill .the communication skill isn’t an optional extra in medical training but it is a core clinical skill. this study is performed in order to determine whether communication skill training for internal medicine and infectious disease residents improves their...

1 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 2 Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 3 Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 4 Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, 5 University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 6 Division of Infectious Di...

objective: garlic is a plant has been used as a flavor, and anti-microbial and anti-diarrheal agent. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus. the available vaccines against ibv cannot cover new variants. this study evaluated the inhibitory effects of garlic extract on ibv.  materials and methods: the constituents of garlic extract were detected by gas chromatography. this study was d...

a Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States b Center forMolecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute forMolecularMedicine and InfectiousDisease, Drexel University College ofMedicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States c Center for Genomic Scie...