Primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) results in varicella (chickenpox) followed by the establishment of latency in sensory ganglia. Declining T cell immunity due to aging or immune suppressive treatments can lead to VZV reactivation and the development of herpes zoster (HZ, shingles). HZ is often associated with significant morbidity and occasionally mortality in elderly and immu...

Animal health is considered one of the cornerstones of the “One Health” concept, which includes the interaction and fight against human, animal and wildlife pathogens able to cause disease. Moreover, reduction of antibiotic use is nowadays a compulsory future direction both in animals and humans. In these scenarios, the control of diseases through vaccination is considered of paramount importan...

The first major outbreaks caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) raised public and medical awareness of the risks associated with acquiring this potentially deadly infection. The widespread presence of these organisms in the environment, the severity of the clinical sequelae, and the lack of treatment options and effective preventive measures demand that we obtain a better understa...