Vapor intrusion (VI) has been recognized since the 1990s as a potential pathway of concern at contaminated sites. VI is the migration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the subsurface soils into overlying buildings. The major sources of organic vapors are waste disposal sites (landfills), contaminated old industrial sites, contaminated subsurface soils, and contaminated groundwater. The ...

UNLABELLED We examined concentrations and migration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ten mixed-use buildings in southeast Michigan, USA. In an office and work zone in each building, air exchange rates (AERs) were measured using perfluorocarbon tracers, and over 96 VOC species were measured by GC/MS over a 7-day period. VOCs were then apportioned to sources in offices, work zones, and out...

California is a leader in automating demand response (DR) to promote low-cost, consistent, and predictable electric grid management tools. Over 250 commercial and industrial facilities in California participate in fully-automated programs providing over 60 MW of peak DR savings. This paper presents a summary of Open Automated DR (OpenADR) implementation by each of the investor-owned utilities i...

Demolition of buildings at the end of their life cycle has become more and more important. These buildings are either no longer attractive in an architectural sense or did not reach sufficient standards. Especially industrial buildings which are no longer used because of technological or business reasons are often demolished by controlled explosives. To avoid damage of neighboring buildings or ...

The Air conditioning system satisfies the various space conditions required for the comfort and industrial air conditioning. Now days demand for AC system applications are increasing and include the areas of application like apartment buildings, banks, office buildings, industrial plants, schools, restaurants etc. This growing demand for air conditioning system forced manufactures to develop su...

The position determination inside a building where no GPS signal is beingreceived can be ascertained using laser transmitters in industrial situations where there areno people or using triangulation of the signal strength, normally electro-magnetic signals,if the required accuracy is more than a metre. Our solution is aimed at situations wherepeople are present and where the required accuracy i...

One of the biggest promises of the Industrial Internet of Things is to leverage real-world data gathered through wireless sensor networks (WSN) to drive higher efficiencies and streamline business practices. The demands on WSNs are diverse, with sensors placed throughout buildings, city streets, industrial plants, tunnels and bridges, moving vehicles or in remote locations such as along pipelin...

Damage to essential facilities (e.g. lifelines and industrial facilities) due to extreme loads may cause remarkable indirect impact as well as direct physical loss. Hence understanding seismic performance of essential facilities is very important in high seismic risk regions. On October 23, 2011 an earthquake of magnitude Mw7.2 occurred in Van province in eastern Turkey. Several damages occurre...