A novel method for real-time and inline wetness measurement based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is presented in this paper. The Kretschmann geometry is adopted to excite surface plasmon waves in our measurement system. In order to prevent water coating, an ultrathin layer of hydrophobic coating is formed on the surface of Au layer. The experimental results show that the level of steam wetn...

Various hydrological models have been developed for estimating root zone soil moisture dynamics. These models, however, incorporated their own parameterization approaches indicating that the output from the different model inherent structures might include uncertainties because we do not know which model structure is correct for describing the real system. More recently, multimodel approaches u...

A laboratory assessment has been made of the performance and applicability of several different conductimetric wetness detectors for use in monitoring water distribution on different plant surfaces in a tree canopy. Leaf surfaces were monitored using parallel electrode clip sensors and grid sensors. Fruit and trunk wetness was monitored using parallel electrode sensors encircling fruit and trun...

Persea americana is a plant used by traditional medicine practitioners to treat ailments including diarrhoea and diabetes mellitus in Nigeria. Hence, the chloroform and the methanol fractions of the chloroform-methanol extract of the leaves of P. americana were evaluated for their acute toxicity as well as anti-diarrhoeal effects in Wistar rats to substantiate this claim. The chloroform and met...

Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia and Nematodirus worm populations of Angora goats, based on differential egg counts, are considered in relation to climatological and topographical data. Egg counts indicated that the estimated worm populations in goats that experienced wet circumstances were higher than those exposed to dry conditions. Wetness was assessed by relating spring, summer, and...

The most important factor affecting the microwave proper-ties of a snowcover is the liquid water content (snow wetness). An FM-CW(26.5-40 GHz) radar has been used to investigate the influence of snowwetness on the magnitude of radar backscatter from a snowcover. Theradar backscatter measurements from a wet snowcover on a windy daysuggest that evaporative cooling due to the w...

The objective of this work was to develop and to evaluate adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems as methodology to describe the severity of soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) monocyclic process in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], under effects of leaf wetness, temperature, and days after fungi inoculation. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers with mean air temperatures of 15, 20, ...

Recent advances in physically-based simulations have made it possible to generate realistic animations. However, in the case of solid-fluid coupling, wetting effects have rarely been noticed despite their visual importance especially in interactions between fluids and granular materials. This paper presents a simple particle-based method to model the physical mechanism of wetness propagating th...

State-of-the-art high resolution active remote sensing imaging radar, TerraSAR-X, is having all-weather and all-time data acquisition capability. It is a promising tool for mapping snow and glaciers in mountainous region. The current study has been done using dual polarization (HH/VV) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of TerraSAR-X (TSX), to estimate the snow physical properties (snow cover, ...