background: for a long time, infertility has been one of the most sequels in medical sciences with microbial agents as one group of its causes. the possible etiological role of chlamydia trachomatis in infertility was suggested years ago, but it has not yet been proved completely. to decrease the severe involvements of c. trachomatis infections, screening by efficient diagnostic methods are nec...

background & objective: autoimmune bullous diseases are associated with autoimmunity against structural components in the skin and mucous membranes. autoantibodies are against the intercellular junctions in pemphigus disease and hemidesmosomal unchoring complex in pemphigiod diseases and epidermolysis bullosa aquisita. the tissue-bound and circulating serum autoantibodies can be detected wi...

The detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to cytomegalovirus-induced late antigens by an indirect immunofluorescence assay was improved by the use of monoclonal antibodies to human IgM. Nonspecific background fluorescence was absent, facilitating the reading of the slides and the detection of a specific fluorescence reaction in sera with low levels of specific IgM. Moreover, the indire...