This paper investigates whether the classroom observation protocol can be adopted in PBL studies, to explore appropriate instruments for further observation-based studies obtain. By systematically searching and concluding previous literature, protocols are given special focus, leading main results of this review:1) There is one formal tool developed settings area STEM (science, technology, engi...

Abstract This study contributes to the recent discussions on indicating interdisciplinarity, that is, going beyond catch‐all metrics of interdisciplinarity. We propose a contextual framework improve granularity and usability existing methodology for interdisciplinary knowledge flow (IKF) in which scientific disciplines import export from/to other disciplines. To characterize exchange between di...

A clump moving through the intracluster medium of a galaxy cluster can drive bow shock trailed by bullet-like core. In some cases, such as in prototypical Bullet cluster, X-rays show gas bullet with protruding head and pronounced shoulders. We point out that these features, while difficult to explain without dark matter (DM), naturally arise slowed-down is gravitationally pulled forward toward ...

Pressure-indicating media have more diverse applications than merely the identification of areas on the denture base that cause mucosal pressure and pain. The purpose of this article is to provide guidelines for optimal use of the media and to identify alternative uses that could be considered in daily practice.

Ergonomic problems of surgical lighting systems have been indicated by surgeons; however, the underlying causes are not clear. The aim of this study is to assess the problems in detail. Luminaire use during 46 hours of surgery was observed and quantified. Furthermore, a questionnaire on perceived illumination of and usability problems with surgical luminaires was issued among OR-staff in 13 hos...

A novel stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay method was developed and validated for valacyclovir in the presence of degradation products generated from forced decomposition studies. A Hypersil ODS C-18 (250 x 4.6 mm, packed with 5 micron) column in an isocratic mode with the mobile phase acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (pH3.6) (50:50%v/v) was used. The flow rate was...

A simple, selective, precise and stability-indicating high-performance thin layer chromatographic method of analysis of meloxicam both as a bulk drug and in formulation has been developed. The mobile phase selected was ethyl acetate:cyclohexane:glacial acetic acid (6.5:3.5:0.02% v/v/v). The calibration curve of the drug was linear in the range of 100-500 ng. The spectrodensitometric analysis wa...

Studies have shown that modern methods of readability assessment, using automated linguistic analysis and machine learning (ML), is a viable road forward for readability classification and ranking. In this paper we present a study of different levels of analysis and a large number of features and how they affect an ML-system’s accuracy when it comes to readability assessment. We test a large nu...

As private information can be contained in the DLP (Data Leakage Prevention) system’s target of monitoring, the monitoring process inevitably violates privacy of the internal employees. Currently, existing DLP systems do not consider the privacy violation during the monitoring process. In this work, we are proposing a DLP system considering privacy violation level. The privacy violation level o...