BACKGROUND The diagnosis of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) induced by pyrrolizidine alkaloids is mainly based on clinical investigation. There is currently no prognostic index. This study evaluated the quantitative measurement of blood pyrrole-protein adducts (PPAs) as a diagnostic and prognostic index for pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced HSOS. METHODS Suspected drug-induced liv...

o-(Alkynyl)styrenes undergo halocarbocyclization processes via a 5-endo-dig ring closure. By this strategy an efficient synthesis of 3-halo-1H-indene derivatives has been developed.

The He (I) photoelectron (PE) spectra of indene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4and 6-methylindole and 4,5,6,7-tetrafluoroindole were measured and analysed. A close correlation between the jr-ionisation energies of these compounds and the eigenvalues of the corresponding HMO-orbitals is found. A qualitative scheme for the assignment of the ^-electron ionisations by orbital int...

Plants that contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids are widely distributed in the world. Although pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been shown to be genotoxic and tumorigenic in experimental animals, the mechanisms of actions have not been fully understood. The results of our recent mechanistic studies suggest that pyrrolizidine alkaloids induce tumors via a genotoxic mechanism mediated by 6,7-dihydro-7-hyd...

The CD and UV spectra of (2S)-2,2'-spirobi[2H-benz[e]indene]1,1'(3H,3'H)-dione (2) and (IR,I'S,2S)-I,I',3,3'-tetrahydro-2,2'-spirobi[2H -benz[e]indene]-I,I' -diyl diacetate (3) were theoretical1y calculated by the application of the Jt-electron SCF-CI-DV MO method. The shape of component CD and UV bands was approximated by method (A) of the Gaussian distribution, or by method (B) employing the ...

In the title compound, C(20)H(13)NO, the indene ring is disordered over two sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.557 (2):0.443 (2). Both disordered components of indene are nearly perpendicular to the naphthalene ring system, making dihedral angles of 90.9 (2) and 85.0 (5)°. The five-membered ring of the 1H-pyrrol-2(3H)-one adopts an envelope conformation with the spiro C atom at the flap positio...

In the title compound C26H25NO7, the mean plane through the lactone-substituted ring of the pyrrolizidine moiety forms dihedral angles of 78.46 (6) and 58.28 (8)° with the ace-naphthyl-ene moiety and the sugar based-lactone ring, respectively. The sum of the angles at the the N atom of the pyrrolizidine ring (335.0°) is in accordance with sp (3) hybridization. Some atoms of the acetate group ar...

Two new antifungal withanolides, (1) and (2) have been isolated from the defatted methanolic extract of Ajuga parviflora. Their structures were established as 3/3,17/3,20-trihydroxyl-oxo-(20/?, 22/?)-witha-5,14,24-trienolide (1), 28-hydroxy-14,20-epoxy-l-oxo-(22/?)-witha2,5,24-trienolide (2) on the basis of spectroscopic data including two dimensional NMR tech­ niques. The pyrrolizidine alkaloi...

The methanolic extract of the whole plant of Echium glomeratum Poir. (Boraginaceae) has afforded five pyrrolizidine alkaloids, three that were (7S, 8R)-petranine (1), (7S, 8S)-petranine (2), and (7R, 8R)-petranine (3a) or (7R, 8S)-petranine (3b), comprising a tricyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids subclass; and two that were known but to the species: 7-angeloylretronecine (4) and 9-angeloylretroneci...