This article discusses how to understand the manager of Zakat Charity Agency (BAZ) interprets accountability in managing zakat, infaq, and shadaqah (ZIS). Accountability management infaq (ZIS) is needed build trust related parties, such as muzakki, mustahiq, government society a whole. In creating good zakat governance system, it has characteristics that there must be transparency management, w...

This paper finds and analyzes a formula for the total variation distance between iterations of riffle shuffles and iterations of “cut and then riffle shuffle”. This allows one to obtain information about the convergence rate of permutation statistics (such as the length of the longest increasing subsequence or position of a given card) under these processes. Similar results are given for affine...

Abstract. We compute the limit distribution for (centered and scaled) length of the longest increasing subsequence of random colored permutations. The limit distribution function is a power of that for usual random permutations computed recently by Baik, Deift, and Johansson (math.CO/9810105). In two–colored case our method provides a different proof of a similar result by Tracy and Widom about...

The paper considers tacit collusion in markets which are not fully transparent on both sides. Consumers only detect prices with some probability before deciding which …rm to purchase from, and each …rm only detects the other …rm’s price with some probability. Increasing transparency on the producer side facilitates collusion, while it increasing transparency on the consumer side makes collusion...

Trait combinations that lead to a higher efficiency in resource utilization are important drivers of divergent natural selection and adaptive radiation. However, variation in environmental features might constrain foraging in complex ways and therefore impede the exploitation of critical resources. We tested the effect of water transparency on intra-population divergence in morphology of Eurasi...

We prove a formula for the number of permutations in Sn such that their first n−k entries are increasing and their longest increasing subsequence has length n − k. This formula first appeared as a consequence of character polynomial calculations in the work of Adriano Garsia, [2]. We give an elementary proof of this result and also of its q-analogue. In [2], Adriano Garsia derived as a conseque...

Market transparency refers to the level of current trade information revealed to participants by market makers. This paper analyzes the effect of market transparency on the outcomes of posted-offer style Business-to-Business e-commerce markets. First, increasing market transparency improves the pricetracking ability of sellers, and results in higher efficiency. However, revelation of quantity i...

In this essay I argue that it is logically and practically possible to secure the right to privacy under conditions of increasing social transparency. The argument is predicated on a particular analysis of the right to privacy as the right to the personal space required for the exercise of practical rationality. It also rests on the distinction between the unidirectional transparency required b...