Bitumen as a binder in coating and insulating materials is modified with polymers to improve its performance in service conditions. Almost all polymers are incompatible with bitumen, and at high temperatures due to relatively very low viscosity of the bitumen phase, are separated from it. These lead to a considerable limitation in the use and handling of polymer-modified bitumens. An understand...

Urbanization brings biophysical changes in the composition of the landscape. Such change has an impact on the thermal environment locally. The urban mosaic of land use and land cover is thus characteristically composed of local climate zones. The spatial variation in the land surface temperature across specific zone is studied for Bhopal city. The objective of the study was to understand how th...

land-use spatial allocation is a multi-objective collaborative spatial optimization methodfor rational use of the land use. based on global search capabilities and the information feedbackmechanism of ant colony optimization (aco), a land-use spatial allocation model (aco-la) isproposed. firstlyfirst, a construction graph is built for modeling the land-use spatial allocationproblem. secondlysec...

there are various methods and models for land evaluation. these methods are classified according to the number of used resources. the best resources capabilities or potentials and land use can be found by analyzing one of the main resources, in the lands close relations to ecologic resources exist. soil has a great potential for introducing the studied region specifications. hence, it challenge...

This edited volume is devoted to the examination of the implications of the inevitable changes wrought by global change on the welfare and livelihoods of tens of millions of people who live in dryland regions. Global change is more than just climate change and the ramifications of changing trade patterns (geopolitical and economic aspects), the shift to the market economy, demographic factors (...

providing of landing use maps and detecting of land capacity are required to manage of natural resources and environment and planning of land use. on the other hand, it is necessary to detect of the human deriving forces affecting land use change. in this research, we selected seyed mohaleh and drasara villages in tonekabon city. first, were provided the land use maps in 1987 and 2008 by using ...