T his paper studies top income shares in Iran, using 26 Household Expenditure and Income Surveys conducted by the Statistical Center of Iran over the period 1985-2015. It is shown that after the imposed Iran-Iraq war, top income groups were raising their real income and income share by 2006; however, both their share and real income fell immediately after 2006 such that the numbers a...

Background and aims Problem and pathological gambling have been associated with elevated rates of both Axis-I and Axis-II psychiatric disorders. Although both problem gambling and psychiatric disorders have been reported as being more prevalent among lower income vs. middle/higher income groups, how income might moderate the relationship between problem-gambling severity and psychopathology is ...

The present study aims to investigate income distribution in Zanjan Province, for which the statistics of cost-income of the households in rural areas of Abhar County were used. They were available in the Statistical Center of Iran. In order to measure income distribution, the indicators of Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, the proportion of high-income groups to low-income groups, as well as...

OBJECTIVES The present study investigated associations between income and intake of nutrients and food in adults (n = 11,063) from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2009. METHODS To examine relationships between individual dietary intake and anthropometric measures and family income, multiple linear regression models were constructed for each outcome varia...

BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to measure socio-economic inequalities in mortality over a 27-year period, and estimate the simultaneous effects of education and income adjusted for changing proportions and potential confounders. METHODS Census data in 1970, 1980 and 1990 with information about income, educational level and household size were linked to mortality records at the individua...

INTRODUCTION Several well-established determinants of health are associated with premature mortality. Using data from the 2010 County Health Rankings, we describe the association of selected determinants of health with premature mortality among counties with broadly differing levels of income. METHODS County-level data on 3,139 US counties from the 2010 County Health Rankings were linked to c...

Low-income residents are among the most vulnerable groups to climate change in urban areas, particularly regarding heat stress. However, their perceptions about heat and the impacts they face go often undocumented, and are seldom considered in decision-making processes delivering adaptation. This paper presents a robust tool to allow the integration of perception, concerns and impacts of differ...

abstract this study reviews the direct and indirect effects of higher energy and bread prices (due to removing their subsidies and paying their equivalent in cash instead). therefore, all consumer goods were classified into 6 groups and a linear expenditure system was estimated based on households’ budget data of 2009 and 2011 for urban and rural areas separately. the results indicate that high...

This paper disaggregates total income received by households into a set of components and studies the comparative changes in these components in response to economic growth. The relative responsiveness of wages, hours of work, total labor market income of household heads and wives, and transfer income is assessed across groups designated by income, race, sex, and age. The results provide a pict...