the present study aims at investigating how the formation of civil society in iran is affected by these characteristics of states: applying hegemony over private institutions, being dependent on tribal systems, adopting a particular political philosophy, and preventing the formation of a stable aristocratic institution in iran. in this investigation, the relationship between the state and priva...

Islamophobia is one of the latent problems in many moslem country, including where majority population Muslim, such as Indonesia. Hatred and fear Islam, can disturb harmony society. This article describes dangers Islamophobia, some strategies which be taken to handle it. The aims this study are explore what challenges opportunities Indonesian people regarding these problems. uses theory concept...

Jurgen Habermas is second generation German scientist from the Frankfurt school as well aperson who wants to revise thoughts of first generations figures. Histhoughts on liberation colonialism (theoretical and social praxis), natural sciences, critical neo-Marxist spirit for change, impasse (enlightenment dialectic) communicative rationality in language (returning linguistics). The writing uses...

Ibu Kota Indonesia, Jakarta, menjadi tempat strategis bagi arus globalisasi untuk membuka keran selebar-lebarnya. Globalisasi yang menjadikan budaya barat sebagai acuan gaya hidup ini kemudian melahirkan modernisasi. Modernisasi merupakan sebuah wujud transformasi kondisi sebelumnya kurang maju, berkembang ke kemajuan lebih baik. Segala pusat kehidupan cenderung didominasi pada kota Jakarta. te...

The theory proposed by Jurgen Habermas is that public spaces and communicative actions can be applied to the world of libraries, Cahaya Ilmu library SMAN 1 Bengkulu Tengah one district-level school libraries has adequate facilities as a space. purpose this study was see relationship between reviewed at Tengah. This type research uses field research. As result, said space whose activities requir...