In mammals, the intrauterine condition has an important role in the development of fetal physiological systems in later life. Suboptimal maternal environment can alter the regulatory pathways that determine the normal development of the fetus in utero, which in post-natal life may render the individual more susceptible to cardiovascular or metabolic adult-life diseases. Changes in the intrauter...

Maternal separation (MS) is defined as the termination of the continuity of mother-child relationship after the relationship is established. Although MS and maternal deprivation are different in terms of their definitions, these two terms are usually used interchangeably. This review aims to investigate the effect of MS on drug intake in adulthood. It has been proved that animal models are help...

The purpose of this study is to understand the unique contributions trait empathy and cognitive distortion relational aggression in 393 20- 49- year old adults (183 females 208 males, M = 35.22 years, SD 8.35 years). This examined how empathic concern perspective taking affect through three types distortions: self-centered bias, blaming others, perceived persecution. As predicted by theoretical...