Immunosuppression is a condition characterized by immune dysfunction at either cellular or humoral levels [1]. Defective cellular levels include alterations in neutrophils, monocyte/macrophage, and natural killer (NK) cells for innate immunity or alterations in B or T lymphocytes for adaptive immunity [2, 3]. In contrast, immune dysfunction at the humoral level is largely due to alteration in s...

Organ transplantation is the act of transferring organs from donors to recipients. Thus, the malfunction of an organ system can be corrected with the transplantation of an organ; organs that have successfully been transplanted include the kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas. Over the past 50 years, the medical community has witnessed great advances in the care of liver transplant recipient...

background and aims. the onset of opportunistic infections in hiv-positive patients is generally associated with a low cd4 count. oral manifestations can be the first clinical sign of the infection and also determine the progression of disease. the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral soft tissue manifestations and their relationship with the degree of immunosuppression...

Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a unique, rare clinical and histological dermatologic entity described mainly in setting of immunosuppression. It caused by novel human polymoavirus, trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV). We report biopsy-proven case TS renal transplant patient presented to dermatology outpatient clinic Montreal, Canada 2015. Reduction immunosuppression and...