The aim of the study was to determine immunostimulant properties of chitosan administered alimentary to BALB/c mice. We observed that chitosan feeding effected in activation of cells from the peritoneal cavity. The cells produced less nitric oxide with simultaneous enhanced activity of arginase and higher expression of receptor for IL-4. What is more, chitosan caused increased number of cells e...

Three articles in this issue of Clinical Cancer Research show how multiple vaccinations can lead to immunosuppression. Moreover, two studies in patients show that granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant immunostimulant to different kind of vaccines can lead to adverse outcome in terms of relapse-free and overall survival. Modulation of regulatory T-cell activity...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a medicinally important glycoprotein, used as an immunostimulant following bone-marrow transplant. On the basis of reports of its potential utility as an anticancer vaccine adjuvant, we undertook to develop a synthetic route toward single-glycoform GM-CSF. We describe herein a convergent total synthesis of GM-CSF aglycone and two homo...

Introduction The recMAGE-A3 protein has been administered intramuscularly (IM) with immunostimulant AS15 as an experimental immunotherapeutic. AS15 contains 3-Odesacyl-4’-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), QS-21, CpG 7909 and liposome. This MAGE-A3/AS15 immunotherapeutic has not been studied for intradermal (ID) or subcutaneous (SC) use. A clinical trial (NCT01425749) was initiated to test the hypot...

Complementary and alternative medicine involves the use of herbs and medicinal plants as an alternative to mainstream western medical treatment. A large number of Indian medicinal plants have been reported to possess immunostimulant activity and thus can serve as potential source of drug in various immunocompomised states including AIDS, cancer and for treatment of various chronic infections. T...

Jujuba (Ziziphus jujuba) has a long history of usage as fruit and remedy. The main biologically active components are vitamin C, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenic acids, polysaccharides. Many phytochemical studies jujuba fruits indicate that Z. important biological effects, such the anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, immunostimulant, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective gast...

The aim of dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in cancer is to induce tumor-specific effector T cells that may reduce and control tumor mass. Immunostimulants that could drive a desired immune response are necessary to be found in order to generate a long lasting tumor immune response. GK-1 peptide, derived from Taenia crassiceps, induces not only increase in TNFα, IFNγ, and MCP-1 production in coc...