BACKGROUND Recent studies report an increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Concurrently, paediatric IBD incidence is rising, with more patients now exposed to immunomodulators from a younger age. OBJECTIVES To investigate NMSC incidence and to examine the risk associated with immunomodulators in the development of ...

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) of mice can destroy tumor cells effectively in vitro in the presence of antitumor polysaccharide, linear 0-1,3-o-glucan from Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes IFO 13140 (TAK), and some other immunomodulators. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of the tumoricidal activity of PMN induced by these immunomodulators and especially TAK. The TAK-in...

Immunomodulation is a diverse process by which immunomodulators enhance or suppress immune responses to control disease progression. Immunomodulators are broad class of drugs that include immunosuppressants and immunostimulants. These agents have been used fight against the dysregulated observed during tissue/organ transplantation disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, can...

Corticosteroids, which are potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator agents used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including allergic diseases, can in some cases produce immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reactions. This review summarizes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of such reactions, including related diagnostic issues. It also presents a detailed ana...

Immunomodulators are substances that alter immune system via dynamic regulation of messenger molecules. It can be divided into immunostimulant and immunosuppressant. It can help to increase immunity of people with a low immune system, and also can help to normalize an overactive immune system. Aim of this study is to investigate the effects of in vitro exposure to low and high doses of several ...

(Springfield, IL, Charles C. Thomas, 1970, 65 pp.) will be much more useful in writing the report. The book will have its greatest value in counseling the budding scientist that things never move as fast as hoped, that there are usually a few catastrophes during research, that it is important to find a topic compatible with the laboratory in which you work, but not too similar to what others in...

Figure 1. Severe bilateral lower extremity wounds that had progressed over months despite aggressive wound care and medical management with immunomodulators and steroids.

While surgical resection remains a mainstay of the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD), postoperative recurrence of disease is common. The ideal management of patients after surgery is unclear and varies widely in clinical practice. Both patients and clinicians must weigh the risks and benefits of treatment in reaching a decision. Those at low risk of postoperative recurrence may not need any the...