The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of intestinal electrical stimulation (IES) on gastric tone, antral and pyloric contractions, and gastric emptying in dogs. Female hound dogs were equipped with a duodenal or gastric cannula, and one pair of serosal electrodes was implanted in the small intestine. The study consisted of five different experiments. Liquid gastric...

We provide two ways to reconcile small values of the intertemporal elasticity of substitution (IES) that range between 0.35 and 0.5 with empirical evidence that the IES is large. We do this reconciliation using a model in which all agents have identical preferences and the same access to asset markets. We also conduct an encompassing test, which indicates that specifications of the model with s...

Taking advantage of computer technology and science that enable us to carry out a largescale numerical simulation, the authors have been simulating the whole phases of an earthquake, i.e., the generation and propagation of an earthquake, the response and damage of structures, and the human and society actions against the earthquake damages. This is the integrated earthquake simulation (IES). Wi...

Abstract Adding solar energy utilization equipment to an integrated system (IES) can improve the rate of renewable and reduce cost. The optimal operation strategy IES with photovoltaic thermal (PV-SH-IES) is investigated. efficiency variation CHP considered, results are compared analyzed. show that: IES, cost PV-SH-IES lower; it first falls then rises increment area ratio, ratio has value. impa...

With the aim of simulating earthquake disaster of a vast urban area, we enhanced the Integrated Earthquake Simulator (IES) with high performance computation (HPC). IES is a system to seamlessly simulate possible earthquake hazard, disaster, evacuation and recovery. The need of such system is indispensable. Businesses, local and state governments need reliable quantitative predictions of infrast...

The taiep rat is a myelin mutant that shows a disorganized sleep-wake cycle and immobility episodes (IEs) when the animals are gripped at the base of the tail. During IEs electroencephalographic recordings show a rapid eye movement (REM) sleep-like pattern. These alterations are quite similar to those reported in narcolepsy-cataplexy. Pharmacologically, systemic administration of alpha(2) adren...

Depth intracranial electrodes (IEs) placement is one of the most used procedures to identify the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in surgical treatment of drug resistant epilepsy patients, about 20-30% of this population. IEs localization is therefore a critical issue defining the EZ and its relation with eloquent functional areas. That information is then used to target the resective surgery and has gr...

ing has been a goal of lighting researchers—and the broader lighting industry—for decades. The utility of the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage’s (CIE’s) general color rendering index (Ra, commonly called CRI)1 has been demonstrated by its continued use for 50 years, but its limitations and deficiencies are becoming ever more prominent with the advent of solid-state lighting, which provi...