Identification of interictal epileptiform activity (IEA), seizures and the specific EEG patterns that accompany epilepsy syndromes remains an electroencephalographer’s most critical task. Fortunately, IEA and seizures are also often easily distinguished and stand out in sharp contrast from background EEG frequencies. This chapter will focus on providing practical guidance in recognizing these p...

The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. Its primary mandate was – and is – twofold: to promote energy security amongst its member countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member countries and...

Willem Johan Pelgrum (Netherlands). Senior Researcher at the Centre for Applied Educational Research (University of Twente, Netherlands). Since 1987, International Co-ordinator of the IEA Computers in Education Study; was national project coordinator for the IEA Second International Mathematics Study and Second International Science Study (1980-85). Co-author of several published studies on the...

Interactive Evolutionary Algorithms (IEAs) are a powerful explorative search technique that utilizes human input to make subjective decisions on potential problem solutions. But humans are slow and get bored and tired easily, limiting the usefulness of IEAs. Here we describe our system which works toward overcoming these problems, The Approximate User (TAU), and also a simulated user as a means...

Development of cerebrovascular nitrergic nerves was investigated in the rat, using immunohistochemistry for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and quantitative analysis. Cerebral perivascular NOS nerves usually appeared on the walls of both the intracranial part of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the internal ethmoidal arteries (IEA) at birth. NOS nerves via the IEA grew more rapidly than those ...

Non-cooperative game theoretical models of self-enforcing international environmental agreements (IEAs) that employ the cartel stability concept of d’Aspremont et al. (1983) frequently assume that countries are identical, and they can sign a single agreement only. We modify the assumption by considering two self-enforcing IEAs and also two types of asymmetric countries. Extending a model of Bar...